periodicity Flashcards
sodium + water
2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) = 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
magnesium + water
Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) = Mg(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Magnesium + steam
Mg (s) + H2O (l) = MgO (s) + H2 (g)
sodium + oxygen
+ flame colour
2Na (s) + 1/2 O2 (g) = Na2O (s)
Yellow flame
magnesium + oxygen
+ flame colour
2Mg (s) + O2 (g) = 2MgO (s)
White flame
aluminium + oxygen
+ flame colour
4Al (s) + 3O2 (g) = 2Al2O3 (s)
bright white flame
silicon + oxygen
Si (s) + O2 (g) = SiO2 (s)
phosphorus + oxygen
+ flame colour
4P (s) + 5O2 (g) = P4O10 (s)
White smoke
sulfur + oxygen
+ flame colour
S (s) + O2 (g) = SO2 (g)
blue flame
At high temp + catalyst
S (s) + 1.5 O2 (g) = SO3 (g)
Na2O bonding
giant ionic lattice
MgO bonding
giant ionic lattice
Al2O3 bonding
giant ionic lattice
SiO2 bonding
giant macromolecular
P4O10 bonding
simple molecular
SO2 / SO3 bonding
simple molecular
sodium oxide + water
+ pH
Na2O (s) + H2O (l) = 2NaOH (aq)
pH = 12 - 14
magnesium oxide + water
+ pH
MgO (s) + H2O (l) = Mg (OH)2 (aq)
pH = 9 - 10
Aluminium oxide + water
+ pH
- Al2O3 has some covalent character, and so doesn’t react with water
Sulfur oxides + water
+ pH
SO2 (g) + H2O (l) = H2SO3 (aq)
SO3 (g) + H2O (l) = H2SO4 (aq)
pH = 0 - 3
Silicon oxide + water
+ pH
- SiO2 is a giant covalent structure, so has strong bonds and doesn’t react with water
Sodium oxide + sulfuric acid
Na2O (s) + H2SO4 (aq) = Na2SO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
Magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid
MgO (s) + 2HCl = MgCL2 (aq) + H2O (l)
Aluminium oxide’s amphoteric nature
as a base:
Al2O3 (s) + 6HCl (aq) = 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3H2O (l)
as an acid:
Al2O3 (s) + 2NaOH (aq) + 3H2O (l) = 2NaAL(OH)4 (aq)
silicon oxide + sodium hydroxide
SiO2 (s) + 2NaOH (aq) = Na2SiO3 (aq) + H2O (l)
