Tle Flashcards
refers to the structural construction of walls and other important features of a building through the use of mortar and bond materials
Masonry
Masonry materials such as are used in installing panels and in creating ornamental designs on a surface by laying masonry units in specific patterns
Bricks, granite, glass, concrete block, stucco, marble, stone , and travertine
Masonry units can be reinforced through the use of_____ to strengthen the structures
Steel ( rebar) units
Is used as a requirement for masonry servicing.
2003 international building code
Mason’s categorized as
Exterior masons and ordinary masons
A skilled worker who builds by laying units of substantial materials such as stone or bricks
Mason
- These workers usually construct exteriors of buildings and homes, walkways, casts, walls, and blocks.
Exterior masons
These workers construct fences, walls, floors, and use different types of stones.
Ordinary masons
are set in various patterns These stones can be used as an outer surface of a wall or as a fitting of the core of a wall.
Masonry stones of varied shapes and forms
Types of Stones and Bond Patterns
Rubble
Ashlar
Random ashlar
.
- These are irregular-shaped, broken- sized, and textured stones. These are found in places when the land is ploughed or worked.
Rubble
-These are decorative and rectangular, cuboid blocks of stones with square edges and smooth surface laid in parallel courses.
. Ashlar
- These are stones of varied sizes arranged in a noncontinuous manner on walls to show a formal appearance.
Random Ashlar
These are made from fireclay and secured with mortar. come in thousands of combinations of shapes, types, colors, and textures.
Bricks
Bricks are also available in solid and cored forms or with indentations called?
Frogs
The different types of bricks are:
Common or building bricks
Face bricks
Fire bricks
Paving bricks
New used bricks
- known as slightly imperfect quality bricks.
Common or building bricks
high-quality bricks used in construction of buildings and are available in different colors and finishes.
Face bricks
- heat-resistant bricks used in fireplaces made from fireclay and mortar.
Firebricks
- used in driveways and patios, laid on a bed of sand, gravel, or concrete; they are harder and more durable than regular bricks and sized for use, with or without mortar.
Paving bricks
strong, modern bricks treated to give building structures a vintage look
. New used bricks
Gravel+ sand + water+ cement =
Concrete
Sand + water + cement=
Mortar
The following are examples of bricklaying patterns:
RUNNING
ENGLISH
COMMON
DUTCH
FLEMISH
GARDEN WALL
are arranged in horizontal or vertical layer by using a string or nylon cord as a guide.
Bricklaying and Patterns
is used as a guide in making a vertical ayler of bricks using 3 to 10 millimeters thickness of mortar between layers of bricks
plumb line
is the bonding material that holds the bricks and other masonry units together.
Mortar
is crucial to the integrity of a brick structure. It seals out wind and water, anchors metal ties and steel reinforcement, and compensates for variations in brick size surfaces. It can be tooled and colored for a decorative effect.
A sound, well-mixed mortar
(CHBs) are widely used in the basic construction of many buildings because of its low cost and durability. The blocks can easily be painted and cleaned and require little upkeep. Because of its relatively large size, buildings constructed out of concrete blocks are built more quickly than brick structures.
Concrete Hollow Blocks
Bonding materials are
Mortar
Concrete
Grout
Made of cement water sand and gravel mixed in different proportions, mortar consist of cement water and lime aggregate
Concrete
This is a thin mixture of cement, sand, and water. include small proportions of lime and others contain crushed sproportions of It is used to fill the cores in nonreinforced, load- pearing masonry walls. It is also used to fill the spaces between wythes or tiers of bricks in multiwythe to anchor steel rods in reinforced walls and in masonry repair jobs.
Grout
Masonry tools and equipment
Mason’s line and line pins or blocks
Soft and hard bristle brushes
Mortar box and hoe
Pointing trowel
Mortar board
Jointers
Hawk
Builders square
Story pole
Trowel
Hammers
Plumb rule
Pocket rule
Brick set or blocking chisel
Wheelbarrow
Mason’s brushes
- They are used to keep the courses in a masonry wall straight and leveled.
Mason’s line and line pins or blocks
- They are used to clean masonry surfaces.
Soft- and hard-bristled brushes
- They are used for mixing mortar.
Mortar box and hoe
- It is used to finish and repair mortar joints.
. Pointing trowel
It is used to hold a reserve of mortar. This is a 3-feet square sheet of inch marine-grade plywood nailed or 2 x 4s. 12x25 to a pair of
Mortar board
- They are used to shape mortar joints.
. Jointers
It is used to hold a small amount of mortar. To construct a hawk, screw a 6-inch handle of an old broom or 11-inch dowel to the center of a 1-foot square sheet of-inch marine- grade plywood.
. Hawk
It is used to spread mortar. This is the most important tool of a mason. The pointing trowel is a miniature model of the standard mason’s trowel.
Ex.
Brick trowel
Trowel
- It is used to check that corners are true angles.
Builder’s square
It is a measuring stick used to check the right height of each course of bricks in a wall (a brick mason’s spacing rule is used for the same purpose
Story pole
They are used in bricklaying and concrete blocks construction. have wider blades and are used to cut concrete blocks. Some are used for chiseling stones.
Ex.
Mash hammer
Slab string line hammer
. Hammers
- It is also called level. It is used to establish a plumb line (aligned vertically with the surface of the earth) and level line (aligned horizontally with the surface of the earth). It measures 24 inches and 18 inches long, with single or double vials. Double vials are preferred in masonry. It has a glass tube that contains either alcohol or oil. The fluid can determine the flatness of any surface.
Plumb rule
- There are two types of rules used by masons. The first type is the course counter spacing rule. It is used in laying bricks to space mortar around door tops or window tops and measures 6 feet long. The other one is the modular spacing rule. It is based on the module of 4 inches.
Pocket rules
- It is used to cut a very clean and sharp edge of bricks or blocks. It is also used for scoring or chiseling masonry stone.
. Brick set or blocking chisel
It is used for brushing off footings and cleaning the area.
Mason’s brush
- It is used for mixing and hauling mortar.
. Wheelbarrow
is an important task for amason befor servingueding for matern forms and reports are accomplished ensure a smooth and fast delivery of servicing repair work in the workshop
Requesting for masonry materials
This is the part of a service record where one reflects the supplies and materials that are requested in doing the job. The cost of these consumables are included in the total cost of servicing.
Expendables, supplies, and materials
Preparing a service job report involves the work description, resources and processes. Forms are important in evaluating the cost of services rendered by masons. This is used as a basis for incoming servicing tasks and as a reference for material, tools, and equipment needed in undertaking a job or a project.
Job Service Report
A job service report includes customer’s information.
Please accomplish the form with your personal informations
Preparing Job Service Report
Is the easiest among bricklaying project
Garden wall
this must rest on a concrete footing that extends below the front line.
Brick wall
The footing should be
Vertically
4 types of masonry works
Brick masonry
Stone masonry
Reinforced masonry
Composite masonry
Stones like granite, limestone, sandstone marble and slates are used as protective and decorative coverings for building and veneering
Stone masonry
It is a type of masonry that uses other building materials to strengthen the structure with the use of steel rods and additional concrete in consonance with the existing standards of building construction
Reinforced masonry
A low freestanding single wythe one brick thick wall with all bricks laid end to end in the pattern
Brick masonry
A double wythe wall with corner makes use of a running bond in every fifth, sixth or seventh course tying the two wythe together
Brick masonry
This type of masonry uses two units of single thickness of 4 inches wythes of masonry units separated by 2 to 4 1/2 inch air space but joined by noncorrodible corrugated metal wall ties
Composite masonry
This is done by applying a stone veneer of a standard size to an interior wall that often involves a major structural work
Veneering an interior wall
This is to cover the source inner wall with a 1/2 inch thick ashlar stones set in a special stone adhesive or mortar. Make sure that the wall is dry and free from dirt
Alternative
Prohibition signs
No smoking
Alcohol free area
Warning CCTV in operation
No admittance authorized personnel only
Warning sign
Flammable material
Risk of fire
Beware of moving parts
Beware of opening door
Beware rear end swing
Beware of welding flash
Biohazard authorized personnel only
Biological hazard
Do not enter
Controlled area authorized entry only
Caution
Fire sign
Slippery ground
Stairs exit
Flammable
Fire extinguisher
These help to remind th workers of the hazards present and may arise in the workplace they should be cleaned and checked regularly to ensure their effectiveness
Sign and symbol
Is a type of mechanical drawing governed by illustrating a plan in terms of understandable symbol and measurements so that other can understand it
Technical drawing
Specifications of masonry plans
One wythe wall
Pier and panel walls
Double wythe wall
It is a freestanding straight wall with more than 8 1/2 feet high and should be at least two bricks
One wythe wall
This can be laid on solid have ground walls without reinforcement need continuous footings
Reinforced panel
Mandatory signs
Pinch point
Hearing protection required
Safety first
Danger robot moves without warning keep away
A masonry wall composed of two wall with a space between them the space may be filled with a materials such as fiberglass to provide additional thermal insulation and sound insulation
Double wythe wall with corner
this is composed of a series of relatively thin panels 4 in thickness which are braced intermittentenly by masonry piers
Pier and panel wall
