Tissues ID Flashcards
Description: Single layer of flat cells with large, spherical nuclei
Function: Allows diffusion and filtration
Location: Kidney glomeruli, alveloli, heart lining, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, lining of ventral body cavity
simple squamous epithelium
Description: Single layer of cubelike cells with large, spherical nuclei
Function: Secretion, absorption
Location: Kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Description: Single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei at roughly same level, some ciliated
Function: Allows secretion and absorption, ciliated type propels mucus
Location: Nonciliated lines digestive tract, gallbladder; ciliated lines bronchi, uterine tubes, uterus
Simple columnar epithelium
Description: Singler layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching apical surface, nuclei at different levels, some ciliated
Function: Mucus secretion, cilia propel mucus
Location: Nonciliated in sperm ducts; ciliated lines trachea and upper respiratory
Psuedostratified columnar epithelium
Description: Thick membrane of many cell layers; basal cells cuboidal/columnar; apical cells squamous
Function: Protects underlying tissue from friction/abrasion
Location: Lines esophagus, mouth, vagina, forms epidermis
Stratified squamous epithelium
Description: Two layers of cubelike cells
Function: Protection
Location: Sweat, mammary, salivary glands
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Description: Many layers, basal cells cuboidal, apical cells elongated
Function: Protection, secretion
Location: Rare, some in male urethra
Stratified columnar epithelium
Description: Looks like stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal but surface cells cuboidal, dome-shaped
Function: Very stretchy and permits distension of, ie, bladder
Location: Lines ureters, bladder, part of urethra
Transitional epithelium
Description: Gel matrix with elastin, collagen, reticular fibers
Function: wraps and cushions organs, holds tissue fluid
Location: Widely distributed under epithlia, forms lamina propria of mucous membranes, packages organs, surrounds capillaries
Areolar connective tissue
Description: Sparse matrix, closely packed fat cells with nucleus pushed to side
Function: Stores energy, insulates, supports/protects organs
Location: Under skin in hypodermis, around kidneys and eyeballs, in abdomen and breasts
Adipose connective tissue
Description: Network of reticular fibers in loose ground substance; reticular cells on fibers
Function: Reticular fibers form internal skeleton that supports white blood cells, mast, microphages
Location: Lymph notes, bone marrow, spleen
Reticular connective tissue
Description: Mostly irregular/interlocking collagen fibers, some elastin, nucelei of fibroblast cells scattered throughout
Function: Withstands tension in multiple directions, structural strength
Location: Fibrous capsules of organs and joints, dermis, submucosa of digestive tract
Dense irregular connective tissue
Description: Parallel collagen fibers, some elastin, flat nuclei of fibroblast cells smushed between layers, wavy appearance
Function: Attaches muscles to bones or muscles, bones to bones, withstands one-directional forces
Location: Tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses
Dense regular connective tissue
Description: Cells surrounded by lacunae suspended in firm amorphous (not visible) matrix
Function: Supports, reinforces, resilient cushion, resists compressions
Location: Covers ends of long bones in joints, forms rib costal, nose, trachea, larynx
CT: Hyaline cartilage
Description: Similar to hyaline but with more visible elastic fibers in matrix
Function: Maintains shape of structure while allowing flexibility
Location: Ear, epiglottis
CT: Elastic cartilage
Description: Similar to hyaline but less firm; thick collagen fibers
Function: Tensile strength, compressive shock
Location: Intervertebral discs, pubic, knee discs
CT: fibrocartilage
Description: Hard calcified matrix of collagen fibers, bone cells in lacunae
Function: Supports, protects thru enclosing, levers for muscles, stores calcium, minerals, and fat, marrow generates blood cells
Location: … bones.
CT: Bone
Description: Red and white blood cells in fluid plasma matrix
Function: Transports respiratory gas, nutrients, wastes
Location: Within blood vessels
CT: blood
Description: Long, cylindrical, striated, multinucleate cells
Function: Voluntary movement, locomotion, facial expression
Location: In skeletal muscles attached to bone or skin
Skeletal muscle
Description: Branching, striated, one nucleus, form junctions at intercalated discs
Function: Contracts to propel blood
Location: Heart
Cardiac muscle
Description: Spindle shaped cells with central nuclei, not striated, closely arranged to form sheets
Function: Propels substances along internal passageways, involuntary
Location: Walls of hollow organs
Smooth muscle
Description: Branching, long tendrils extend from irregular cell body
Function: Transmit electrical signals, control activity of organs
Location: Brain, spinal cord, nerves
Nervous tissue, neuron
