tissues and skin Flashcards
what is the basic structural unit of compact bone
osteon
this pigment secreted by specialized cells in the skin are capable of absorbing ultraviolet light
melanin
this type of membrane lines a body cavity that does not open directly to the exterior and covers the organs contained in that body cavity
serous membrane
albinism is the inherited inability to produce
melanin
the extra cellular matrix of connective tissue consist of
protein fibers and ground substance
goosebumps are caused by
contraction of the arrector pili muscles
this layer of the epidermis is composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes
stratum basale
which of the following structures found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregularion
sweat glands
this layer of skin is composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers
dermis
epithelial tissue
is used as a covering of body surfaces
is used as a lining of body cavities and hollow organs
is used to form glands
usually has a free surface that interacts with the external environment
all of these are correct
in which of the following locations would you most likely find transitional epithelial cells
lining of the urinary bladder
you stepped on a nail. list the sequential layers of the epidermis that the nail penetrated through to finally reach the dermis
corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
this layer of the skin of composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
epidermis
which of the following is not a connect tissue
bone
blood
cartilage
tendons
epidermis
epidermis
these types of cell junctions anchor adjacent cells together and resist their separation during contractile activities
adherens junctions and desmosomes
which of the following is not one of the main tissue types found in the human body
myocardial
which of the following types of membranes would you expect to find goblet cells
mucous membranes
which of the following is a term used to describe an increase in the size of the tissue that is the result of an increase in size, not number, of cells in that tissue
hypertrophy
the main function of dense regular connective tissue is
providing strong attachment between structures like muscle and bone
which of the following types of tissues is made up of small spindle shaped cells and is commonly found in the walls of hollow organs
smooth muscle
the two principal types of cells found in nervous tissues are
neuroglial and neurons
the hair root plexus functions to
assist hair in touch perception
which of the following best describes events that lead to the tanning of skin that occurs after exposure of the skin to the suns UV radiation?
UV radiation stimulates increased production of melanin by melanosomes
this type of multicellular exocrine gland has a branched rounded secretory part attached to a single unbranched duct and is found mainly in sebaceous glands
simple branched acinar gland
which condition results from androgens inhibiting hair growth in genetically predisposed adults
male pattern baldness
spongy bone lacks
osteons
which of the following is classified as loose connective tissue
areolar connective tissue
this type of exocrine gland is a simple, coiled tubular gland that is found throughout the entirety of the skin
eccrine sweat gland
this type of exocrine gland accumulates its secretory product in the cytosol of its cells until the cell ruptures and becomes part of the secretory product
holocrine
simple tubular exocrine glands have
a straight tubular secretory portion attached to a single unbranched duct
which of the following types of tissues contains multinucleated cells whose movements are under voluntary control
skeletal muscle
constant exposure of skin to friction stimulates the formation of a callus which is the thickening of the ______ of the epidermis
stratum corneum
the fine nonpigmented hair that covers the body of the fetus
lanugo
which of the following types of cells are considered excitable cells because they are able to produce electrical signals
myofibers and neurons
this is a mixture of triglycerides, cholesterol , proteins, and inorganic salts
sebum
the epidermal cell has a role in immunity and disease resistance
langerhans cells
this component of connective tissue is found between the cells and fibers, and functions to support and bind cells in the tissue together
ground substance
which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive body hair caused by tumors in adrenal glands, testes or ovaries
hirsutism
which of the following terms refers to paleness of the skin such as seen in patients with shock or anemia
pallor
which of the following is a common characteristic of thin skin
presence of sebaceous glands
which of the following types of membrane found in the human body DOES NOT contain epithelial tissue
synovial membrane
which of the following is a polysaccharide commonly found in the ground substance of connective tissues
hyaluronic acid
which of the following is a term used to describe a decrease in the size of cells within a tissue or organ that ultimately results in reduction in the overall size of the tissue or organ
atrophy
