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anatomy and physiology I > tissues and skin > Flashcards

tissues and skin Flashcards

1
Q

what is the basic structural unit of compact bone

A

osteon

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2
Q

this pigment secreted by specialized cells in the skin are capable of absorbing ultraviolet light

A

melanin

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3
Q

this type of membrane lines a body cavity that does not open directly to the exterior and covers the organs contained in that body cavity

A

serous membrane

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4
Q

albinism is the inherited inability to produce

A

melanin

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5
Q

the extra cellular matrix of connective tissue consist of

A

protein fibers and ground substance

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6
Q

goosebumps are caused by

A

contraction of the arrector pili muscles

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7
Q

this layer of the epidermis is composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes

A

stratum basale

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8
Q

which of the following structures found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregularion

A

sweat glands

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9
Q

this layer of skin is composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers

A

dermis

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10
Q

epithelial tissue
is used as a covering of body surfaces
is used as a lining of body cavities and hollow organs
is used to form glands
usually has a free surface that interacts with the external environment

A

all of these are correct

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11
Q

in which of the following locations would you most likely find transitional epithelial cells

A

lining of the urinary bladder

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12
Q

you stepped on a nail. list the sequential layers of the epidermis that the nail penetrated through to finally reach the dermis

A

corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

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13
Q

this layer of the skin of composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

A

epidermis

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14
Q

which of the following is not a connect tissue
bone
blood
cartilage
tendons
epidermis

A

epidermis

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15
Q

these types of cell junctions anchor adjacent cells together and resist their separation during contractile activities

A

adherens junctions and desmosomes

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16
Q

which of the following is not one of the main tissue types found in the human body

A

myocardial

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17
Q

which of the following types of membranes would you expect to find goblet cells

A

mucous membranes

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18
Q

which of the following is a term used to describe an increase in the size of the tissue that is the result of an increase in size, not number, of cells in that tissue

A

hypertrophy

19
Q

the main function of dense regular connective tissue is

A

providing strong attachment between structures like muscle and bone

20
Q

which of the following types of tissues is made up of small spindle shaped cells and is commonly found in the walls of hollow organs

A

smooth muscle

21
Q

the two principal types of cells found in nervous tissues are

A

neuroglial and neurons

22
Q

the hair root plexus functions to

A

assist hair in touch perception

23
Q

which of the following best describes events that lead to the tanning of skin that occurs after exposure of the skin to the suns UV radiation?

A

UV radiation stimulates increased production of melanin by melanosomes

24
Q

this type of multicellular exocrine gland has a branched rounded secretory part attached to a single unbranched duct and is found mainly in sebaceous glands

A

simple branched acinar gland

25
Q

which condition results from androgens inhibiting hair growth in genetically predisposed adults

A

male pattern baldness

26
Q

spongy bone lacks

A

osteons

27
Q

which of the following is classified as loose connective tissue

A

areolar connective tissue

28
Q

this type of exocrine gland is a simple, coiled tubular gland that is found throughout the entirety of the skin

A

eccrine sweat gland

29
Q

this type of exocrine gland accumulates its secretory product in the cytosol of its cells until the cell ruptures and becomes part of the secretory product

A

holocrine

30
Q

simple tubular exocrine glands have

A

a straight tubular secretory portion attached to a single unbranched duct

31
Q

which of the following types of tissues contains multinucleated cells whose movements are under voluntary control

A

skeletal muscle

32
Q

constant exposure of skin to friction stimulates the formation of a callus which is the thickening of the ______ of the epidermis

A

stratum corneum

33
Q

the fine nonpigmented hair that covers the body of the fetus

A

lanugo

34
Q

which of the following types of cells are considered excitable cells because they are able to produce electrical signals

A

myofibers and neurons

35
Q

this is a mixture of triglycerides, cholesterol , proteins, and inorganic salts

A

sebum

36
Q

the epidermal cell has a role in immunity and disease resistance

A

langerhans cells

37
Q

this component of connective tissue is found between the cells and fibers, and functions to support and bind cells in the tissue together

A

ground substance

38
Q

which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive body hair caused by tumors in adrenal glands, testes or ovaries

A

hirsutism

39
Q

which of the following terms refers to paleness of the skin such as seen in patients with shock or anemia

A

pallor

40
Q

which of the following is a common characteristic of thin skin

A

presence of sebaceous glands

41
Q

which of the following types of membrane found in the human body DOES NOT contain epithelial tissue

A

synovial membrane

42
Q

which of the following is a polysaccharide commonly found in the ground substance of connective tissues

A

hyaluronic acid

43
Q

which of the following is a term used to describe a decrease in the size of cells within a tissue or organ that ultimately results in reduction in the overall size of the tissue or organ

A

atrophy

anatomy and physiology I (8 decks)

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