Tissues and Organs of the Immune System Flashcards
What is big question to ask about pathogen?
How big is it? Intra or extra cellular
First thing that happens
Inflammation
Goal of immunity
maintain homeostasis
2 steps of immunity
Recognition
Effector functions
Hematopoietic stem cell becomes
COmmon myeloid progenitor and common lymphoid progenitor
Common lymphoid vs common myeloid
Lymph - adaptive
Myeloid - innate
What allows ID of lymphocytes?
CD markers
Small lymphocyte amounts
20-40%
Types of small lymphocytes and their percentages of the lymphocytes
T lympho - helper (50%), cytotoxic (25%)
B lympho - 25%
Plasma cells…where are they from, what do they do, where are they found
From B cells
Secretes antibodies (eliminate micro organisms)
Not often found in blood
NK cell amount and what does it do?
Kills virus-infected/tumor cells
5% of lymphocytes in blood
Resident in tissue sites
Monocyte location, shape, function, differentiation
Kidney nucleus with lots of cytoplasm
Weekly phagocytic and microbicidal
Differentiates to macrophage or dendritic cell upon leaving blood
Mostly found in blood
Macrophage function and location
Tissue sites
Phagocytic, microbicidal, tissue repair, activate T cells
Dendritic cell location and function
Activate T helper cells, phagocytic,
Mostly in tissue sites
Neutrophil morphology, function
Phagocytic and microbicidal
Segmented nucleus
Eosinophil morphology, function
Immune response to parasites and allergic immune responses
Red staind granules in cytoplasm
Basophil morphology and function
Parasites and allergic responses
Contains histamine (vasodilation) and heparin (anti-coagulant)
Darkly stained nucleus
Mast cells and function
Immune and allergic response
Close to blood vessels, skin, etc…similar to basophils
Megakaryocyte
Platelet production
Leukocyte amounts
Neutrophils - 40-75 Eosinophil - 1-6 Basophil - <1 Monocyte - 2-10 Lymphocyte - 20-50
If lymphocyte count high
Then probably viral infection
Lymphatic circulatin
Vessels pick up fluid at venule end of capillary network and return to the heart…lymph nodes filter
How to lymphocytes get to lymph node from heart?
Arteries
How do lymphocytes get from lymph node to heart
Efferent venule to venous system (essentially thoracic duct)
Diffuse tissues
Associated with mucosal epithelial surfaces
Encapsulated types and what theydo
Primary lymphoid - site of immune cell production
Secondary lymphoid - site of immune cell function
Myelopoiesis occurs in
bone marrow