Tissues Flashcards
Epithelium
- named based on arrangement and shape
- covers and lines
Simple Squamous
- single layer of flat cells
- air sacs of lungs or lining of blood vessels
Simple Cuboidal
- single layer of cubed cells
- lines the kidney tubule
Simple Columnar
- single layer of column cells
- lines small intestine
Stratified Squamous
- multiple layers of flat cells
- skin or inside of mouth
Stratified Cuboidal
- multiple layers of cubed cells
- sweat glands
Stratified Columnar
-multiple layers of column like cells
Pseudostratified Columnar
- appears to have layers due to the nuclei which are at various depths
- all cells attach to basement membrane
- trachea
Transitional
- cells change shape depending on the state of stretch in the tissue
- urinary bladder
Glandular
-cluster together and produce various secretions
Endocrine Glands
- secrete contents directly to the blood
- insulin from pancreas
Exocrine Glands
- secrete contents via a duct
- sweat or earwax
Characteristics of Connective Tissue
- collagen
- highly vascular
- many nerves
- sparse cells
- surrounded by extracellular membrane
Functions of Connective Tissue
- bind tissues together
- support and strengthen tissue
- protect and insulate internal organs
- compartmentalize and transport
- energy reserves and immune response
Loose Connective Tissue
- areolar
- adipose
- reticular
Areolar
- most widely distributed in the body
- attached skin to underlying tissues
- acts as a packing between glands, muscles, and nerves
Adipose
- located deep to the skin and around organs and joints
- reduce heat loss, serves as padding, energy source
Reticular
- a network of interlacing reticular fibers and cells
- provides structure in liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes
Dense Connective Tissue
- dense irregular
- dense regular
- elastic
Dense Irregular
- consists of fibroblasts and collagen fibers randomly arranged
- pericardium of heart
Dense Regular
-comprise tendons. ligaments, and other strong attachments
Elastic
- consists predominantly of fibroblasts and elastic fibers
- allows stretching of the aorta
Cartilage
- hyaline
- fibrocartilage
- elastic cartilage
Hyaline
- most abundant type of cartilage
- provides a smooth surface for joint movements
- covers the ends of long bones
Fibrocartilage
- very strong, tough cartilage with thick bundles of collagen fibers
- menisci in knee joints
Elastic Cartilage
- consists of chondrocytes located in threadlike network of elastic fibers
- auricle of ear
Blood and Lymph
- blood has many cells and fibers
- lymph various based on location
Muscle Tissue
- skeletal
- cardiac
- smooth
Skeletal
- striated
- voluntary
- multiple nuclei
Cardiac
- striated
- involuntary
- one or two nuclei per cell
Smooth
- no striations
- single nucleus
- involuntary
- found in walls of blood vessels
