Tissues Flashcards
How merocrine secretion releases products
released by vesicles (exocytosis)
How apocrine secretion releases products
Released by shedding cytoplasm
How holocrine secretion releases products
released by cells bursting and killing gland cells
merocrine secretion location
sweat glands, salivary glands
apocrine secretion location
mammary gland
holocrine secretion location
sebaceous glands
gap junctions
held together by channel proteins
gap junction function
allow ions to pass
tight junctions
fusion of the outer layers of 2 plasma membranes
Tight junction function
prevent diffusion of fluids and solutes
desmosomes
CAMs and proteoglycans link opposing plasma membranes
desmosome function
strength
hemidesmosomes
attaches a cell to extracellular filaments in basement membrane
spot desmosomes
stabilize the shape of the cell
cell adhesion molecule
bind to each other and to extracellular materials
epithelial tissue characteristics
cellularity, polarity, attachment, avascular, regeneration
epithelial tissue functions
physical protection, control permeability, sensation, secretions
pseudostratified columnar epithelium locations
lining of nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi
pseudostratified columnar epithelium functions
protection and secretion
simple columnar epithelium locations
lining of stomach, intestine, and collecting ducts of kidneys
simple columnar epithelium functions
protection, secretion, absorption
transitional epithelium locations
urinary bladder, ureters
transitional epithelium function
permits expansion and recoil after stretching
simple cuboidal epithelium locations
glands, ducts, thyroid gland
simple cuboidal epithelium functions
protection, secretion, absorption
stratified cuboidal epithelium locations
lining of sweat and mammary ducts
stratified cuboidal epithelium functions
protection, secretion, absorption
simple squamous epithelium locations
lining of cavities, blood vessels, and inner cornea
simple squamous epithelia functions
reduces friction, controls vessel permeability, absorption, secretion
stratified squamous epithelium locations
surface of skin, lining of mouth, throat, esophagus, and rectum
stratified squamous epithelium functions
protection against abrasion, chemicals, and pathogens
connective tissue characteristics
specialized cells, solid extracellular protein fibers, fluid extracellular ground substance
fibroblast locations
all connective tissue proper
fibroblast functions
secrete proteins and hyaluronan
fibrocyte location
all connective tissue proper
fibrocyte function
maintain fibers of connective tissue
macrophage function
eat pathogens and damaged cells
fixed macrophage location
stay in tissues
free macrophage location
migrate
adipocyte function
stores fat
mesenchymal cells function
respond to injury or infection
melanocytes function
synthesize and store melanin
mast cells function
stimulate inflammation after injury or infection, release histamine and heparin
lymphocytes
immune cells in lymphatic system
microphages
phagocytic blood cells
microphages function
respond to signals from macrophages and mast cells
Collagen fibers characteristics
long, straight, strong, flexible
reticular fibers characteristics
interwoven fibers, strong, flexible
reticular fibers function
stabilize functional cells and structures
elastic fibers characteristics
branched and wavy
elastic fibers function
elasticity and resilience
ground substance
fills space between cells, slows pathogen movement
areolar tissue location
between muscles, around joints, blood vessels, nerves
areolar tissue function
cushions organs, support, defense against pathogens
adipose tissue locations
deep to the skin, padding around eyes and kidneys
adipose tissue function
padding, cushions shock, insulation, store energy
reticular tissue locations
liver, kidney, spleen
reticular tissue functions
support
dense regular connective tissue location
between skeletal muscles and skeleton
dense regular connective tissue functions
firm attachment, pull of muscles, reduces friction between muscles
dense irregular connective tissue locations
capsules of visceral organs, nerve and muscle sheaths, dermis
dense irregular connective tissue functions
provides strength to resist forces from many directions
elastic tissue locations
between vertebrae of the spinal column
elastic tissue functions
stabilizes positions of vertebrae, cushions shock
hyaline cartilage locations
between tips of ribs and bones of sternum
hyaline cartilage functions
stiff and flexible support, reduces friction
elastic cartilage locations
external ear
elastic cartilage functions
support, allows movement
fibrous cartilage locations
pads in knee, intervertebral discs
fibrous cartilage functions
prevents bone to bone contact
Mucous membrane locations
line passageways that have external connections
mucous membrane function
lubrication and protection
serous membrane location
line cavities that are not open to the outside
serous membrane function
lubrication
cutaneous membrane location
outer surface of body