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BIOLEC FINALS > TISSUES > Flashcards

TISSUES Flashcards

1
Q

study of structure and arrangement of tissues in organs

A

HISTOLOGY

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2
Q

group of cells with the same function

A

tissues

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3
Q

cover the body; line body surfaces or form glands

A

epithelial

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4
Q

attach & support organs

A

connective

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5
Q

contractile

A

muscular

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6
Q

conduct impulses

A

nervous

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7
Q

closely connected cells with little intercellular materials in between

A

epithelial

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8
Q

cover other tissues

A

epithelial

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9
Q

functions of epithelial

A
  • protection (e.g. skin)
  • absorption of nutrients (e.g. intestine)
  • sensation (e.g. neuroepithelium)
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10
Q

epithelial tissues can be classified into:

A
  • number of layers
  • shape of cells
  • covering and lining epithelial membranes
  • secretion
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11
Q

types of epithelial tissue according to number of layers

A

simple and stratified

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12
Q

types of epithelial tissues according to shape of cells

A
  • squamous
  • cuboid
  • columnar
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13
Q

thin flat cells
(like tiles on floor)

A

squamous

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14
Q

cube-shaped

A

cuboid

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15
Q

cells taller than wide

A

columnar

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16
Q

types of epithelial tissues according to covering and lining epithelial membrane

A
  • squamous epithelium
  • ciliated epithelium
  • cuboidal epithelium
  • columnar epithelium
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17
Q

thin flat cells; inner lining of mouth

A

squamous epithelium

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18
Q

tall column-shaped; w cilia
e.g. stomach and intestine lining; upper
respiratory track, roof of mouth of frog

A

ciliated epithelium

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19
Q

cube-shaped; with almost the same as height
e.g. liver

A

cuboidal epithelium

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20
Q

no cilia; for absorption
e.g. lining stomach and intestine

A

columnar epithelium

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21
Q

one or more cells which secrete products
(secretion)

A

glandular epithelia

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22
Q

◦ empty through ducts
◦ sweat, oil

A

exocrine gland

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23
Q

◦ ductless
◦ hormones

A

endocrine gland

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24
Q

goblet cells in intestine

A

glandular epithelia

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25
Q

supporting tissues

A

connective

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26
Q

◦ fills spaces
◦ connects body parts
◦ large amounts of intercellular materials

A

connective

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27
Q

types of connective tissues

A

fibrous, cartilage, bone

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28
Q

scattered cells, with intercellular spaces occupied by fiber

A

fibrous

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29
Q

cell type; produce fibers

A

fiborblasts

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30
Q

what does the cartilage tissue consists of

A

◦ Chondrocytes (cell type)
◦ Lacuna (space where chondrocytes are)
◦ Intercellular substance

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31
Q

types of cartilage tissues

A

hyaline, fibrous, elastic

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32
Q

composed of type II collagen
◦ cartilage in nose, and where ribs join the sternum

A

hyaline

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33
Q

high content of type I collagen fibers
◦ where tendons attach to bones, the intervertebral discs

A

fibrous

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34
Q

abundant elastic fibers and is quite cellular
◦ auricle of the ear and the epiglottis

A

elastic

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35
Q

type of cartilage tissues where dense organic matrix (chiefly collagen) with mineral deposits

A

bone

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36
Q

parts of bone tissues

A

osteocytes, lacuna, lamella, canaliculi, harversian canal

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37
Q

bone cells; mature

A

osteocytes

38
Q

space occupied by bone cells

A

lacuna

39
Q

thin layer where mineral substance is deposited

A

lamella

40
Q

radiating canals

A

canaliculi

41
Q

contains the bone’s blood supplies

A

harversian canal

42
Q

contractile tissues

A

muscular

43
Q

composed of muscle fibers (spindle-shaped)

A

muscular

44
Q

types of muscular tissues

A

non-striated and striated

45
Q

(smooth) – visceral organs

A

non-striated

46
Q

(banded) – skeletal & cardiac

A

striated

47
Q

A-band (dark band)

A

anisotropic

48
Q

I-band (light band)

A

isotropic

49
Q

how many nuclei or fibers does cardiac muscle tissue contain?

A

1-2

50
Q

contain many nuclei or fibers

A

skeletal

51
Q

large cell body, a conspicuous nucleus, and two or more extensions

A

neuron (nerve cell)

52
Q

◦ conducts impulses to muscles & glands

A

motor

53
Q

◦ conducts impulses from a receptor cell

A

sensory

54
Q

parts of nervous tissues

A

dendrite, axon, ganglion, nerve

55
Q

◦ transmits stimuli to cell body
◦ branched

A

dendrite

56
Q

◦ carry impulses away from cell body
◦ Unbranched

A

axon

57
Q

◦ grp of cell bodies or a nerve cluster when outside the central nervous system; ANS

A

ganglion

58
Q

grp of fibers bound by connective tissue; bundle of nerve fibers

A

nerve

59
Q

most common plant cell type

A

parenchyma cells

60
Q

three basic cell types of plant tissues

A

parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma

61
Q

◦ store starch, oils and water
◦ help heal wounds to the plant
◦ have thin flexible walls

A

parenchyma cells

62
Q

provide support to a growing plant

A

collenchyma cells

63
Q

◦ they are strong and flexible.
◦ celery strings are strands of collenchyma.
◦ they have unevenly thick cell walls.

A

collenchyma cells

64
Q

strongest plant cell types

A

sclerenchyma cells

65
Q

◦ second cell wall hardened by lignin
◦ die when they reach maturity
◦ used by humans to make linen and rope

A

sclerenchyma cells

65
Q

◦ second cell wall hardened by lignin
◦ die when they reach maturity
◦ used by humans to make linen and rope

A

sclerenchyma cells

66
Q

plant organs three tissue systems

A

dermal, ground, vascular

67
Q

covers the outside of a plant

A

dermal tissue

68
Q

◦ protects the plant
◦ secretes cuticle of leaves
◦ forms outer bark of trees

A

dermal tissue

69
Q

found inside a plant

A

ground tissue

70
Q

◦ provides support
◦ stores materials in roots and stems
◦ most commonly made of parenchyma

A

ground tissue

71
Q

transports water, minerals and organic compounds

A

vascular tissue

72
Q

◦ two networks of hollow tubes
◦ xylem transports water and minerals
◦ phloem transports photosynthetic products

A

vascular tissue

73
Q

cross sections of the principal organs of seed
plants show that:

A

all three organs contain dermal tissue,
vascular tissue, and ground tissue

74
Q

Dermal tissue in young plants consists of a single layer of cells called

A

epidermis

75
Q

outer surfaces of epidermal cells are often covered
with a thick waxy layer which protects against water loss

A

cuticle

76
Q

what happens in dermal tissues of older plants

A

dermal tissue may be many cell layers deep and may be covered with bark

77
Q

Two kinds of vascular tissue

A

xylem and phloem

78
Q

a water-conducting tissue

A

xylem

79
Q

a tissue that carries dissolved food

A

phloem

80
Q

consist of long, slender cells that connect almost like sections of pipe, as shown in the figure

A

xylem and phloem

81
Q

All seed plants have xylem cells called

A

tracheid

82
Q

Angiosperms have a second form of xylem tissue known as

A

vessel elements

83
Q

true or false: vessel elements are wider than tracheids and are arranged end to end on top of one another like a stack of tin cans

A

true

84
Q

Three types of ground tissue, which vary in cell wall thickness, are found in
plants

A
  • parenchyma (thin cell walls)
  • collenchyma (thicker cell walls)
  • sclerenchyma (thickest cell walls)
85
Q

neither dermal nor vascular

A

ground tissues

86
Q

cells that surround sieve tube elements are called

A

companion cells

87
Q

The main phloem cells are

A

sieve tube elements

88
Q

are arranged end to end, forming sieve tubes. The end walls have many small holes through which nutrients move from cell to cell

A

phloem

89
Q

alive at maturity

A

phloem

90
Q

regions of unspecialized cells in which mitosis produces new cells that are ready for differentiation.

A

meristems

91
Q

found in places where plants grow rapidly, such as the tips of stems and root

A

meristems

BIOLEC FINALS (4 decks)

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