tissues Flashcards
connective tissue
the most diverse, abundant, widely distributed, and structurally varied of the four main tissue types
where is connective tissue derived from
mesoderm
functions of connective tissue
support, protect, and bind organs
examples of connective tissue
blood, tendons, ligaments, bones, cartilage, adipose tissue (body fat)
connective tissue cells
different cells in different types of connective tissue; most scattered throughout CT
examples of CT cells
fibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteocytes, adipocytes
function of protein fibers
strengthen and support
types of protein fibers
collagen, elastic, and reticular
collagen fibers
-long, strong, flexible cables
-most commonly found protein
-also called white fibers
elastic fibers
-smaller than collagen
-can stretch
reticular fibers
-interwoven mesh
-help make up walls of organs
areolar connective tissue
-loose CT
-contains all fibers
-loosely attaches things together
example of areolar CT
papillary layer of the dermis
adipose connective tissue
-loose CT
-fat tissue
-some mobility
-adipocyte (fat cell)
-surrounds and cushions organs
-help store energy
examples of adipose CT
subcutaneous fat
cartilage
-supporting CT
-has cells called chondrocytes
3 types of cartilage
hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage
glassy appearance
elastic cartilage
most flexible
fibrocartilage
strongest cartilage
bone
-supporting CT
-supports, protects, stores nutrients
two types of bone
compact and spongy
compact bone
more durable, dense, and strong
spongy bone
a lot lighter than compact
fluid connective tissue
-fluid CT refers to blood and lymph
-blood consists of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
-lymph is derived from plasma
muscle tissue
-comprised of cells called muscle fibers
-generates tension movement
three histological types of muscle in the body
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
skeletal muscle tissue
striated, voluntary
cardiac muscle tissue
striated, involuntary
smooth muscle tissue
not striated, involuntary
examples of muscle tissue
movement of bones, blood, food, semen, urine
two types of cells in nervous tissue
neurons and glial cells
neurons
communicating cells, send impulses
glial cells
helper cells, help neurons
nervous tissue locations
brain, spinal cord, nerves
causes of tissue changes in structure and chemical composition
use, disuse, and age
common tissue changes
hypertrophy, hyperplasia, neoplasia, atrophy
hypertrophy
increase in tissue size due to increase in cell size
hyperplasia
increase in tissue size due to increase in cell number
neoplasia
increase in tissue size, uncontrollable
atrophy
decrease in tissue size by cell size or number due to lack of use or aging
