integumentary system Flashcards
integument
skin
integumentary system
skin, hair, nails
integument functions
-protection
-prevention of water loss and gain
-temperature regulation
-vitamin production
-immune defense
-sensory reception
-secretion
general structure
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer/hypodermis
epidermis
outer layer of skin, most superficial
dermis
inferior/deep to epidermis
subcutaneous layer/hypodermis
deep to dermis
the epidermis is composed of several layers called
stratum/strata
epidermis layers superficial to deep
-stratum corneum
-stratum lucidum
-stratum granulosum
-stratum spinosum
-stratum basale
what layer only has thick skin
stratum lucidum
locations with thick skin
-areas with lots of friction
-palms of hands
-soles of feet
types of skin markings
nevus, freckles, hemangioma
nevus
mole, overgrowth of melanocytes
freckles
areas of very active melanocytes
hemangioma
blood vessel growth outside of the skin
friction ridges
-fingerprints
-help reduce friction
-help grasp
effects of friction on the epidermis
callus or blisters
callus
caused by long term friction; thickening of the skin
blister
caused by short term severe friction; epidermis and dermis separate
two layers of the dermis
papillary and reticular
papillary layer
-superficial region deep to epidermis
-smaller
-has bumps
reticular layer
-deeper region that forms most of the dermis
-glands, receptors, vessels
what interlocks to increase the surface area between the epidermis and dermis
dermal papillae and epidermal ridges
blood supply in the dermis
-supply nutrients to avascular epidermis
-important in controlling body temperature
vasoconstriction
vessel gets smaller
vasodilation
vessel gets larger
what structure is deep to the integument
hypodermis
functions of the subcutaneous layer
-protects underlying structures
-stores energy
-thermal insulation
