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anaphy > tissues > Flashcards

tissues Flashcards

1
Q

collections of specialized cells and extracellular

substances surrounding them

A

tissues

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2
Q

microscopic study of tissues

A

histology

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3
Q

covers and protects surfaces both inside and outside the body

A

epithelial tissue

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4
Q

consists of a single layer of cells with each cell
extending from the basement membrane to the free
surface

A

simple epithelium

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5
Q

consists of more than one layer of cells, but only the
basal layer attaches the deepest layer to the
basement membrane

A

stratified epithelium

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6
Q

special type of simple epithelium; pseudo- means
“false,” so this type appears to be stratified but is
not. it consists of one layer of cells, with all the cells
attached to the basement membrane

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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7
Q

cells are flat or scalelike

A

squamous

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8
Q

cells are cube-shaped

A

cuboidal

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9
Q

cells tend to be taller than they are wide

A

columnar

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10
Q

roughly cuboidal to columnar when
not stretched and squamous like
when stretched

A

transitional

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11
Q

ducts are lined with epithelium

A

exocrine glands

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12
Q

composed of many cells

A

multicellular glands

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13
Q

single duct

A

simple

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14
Q

ducts that branch

A

compound

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15
Q

secretory regions shaped as tubules

A

tubular

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16
Q

shaped in saclike structures

A

acinar/alveolar

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17
Q

products are released, but no actual cellular

material is lost

A

merocrine secretion

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18
Q

secretory products are released as fragments of
the gland cells, retained within the cell and are
pinched of to become part of the secretion

A

apocrine secretion

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19
Q

involves the shedding of entire cells; products
accumulate in the cytoplasm of each epithelial
cell, the cell ruptures and dies, and the entire cell
becomes part of the secretion; used by the
sebaceous (oil) glands of the skin

A

holocrine secretion

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20
Q

has no ducts and has has extensive blood cells

A

endocrine glands

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21
Q

cellular products of endocrine glands which

are secreted into the bloodstream throughout the body

A

hormones

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22
Q

connecting tissues to one another

A

connective tissues

23
Q

forms in the embryo during third and fourth weeks of

development from the mesoderm and neural crest cells; all adult tissue types develop from it

A

mesenchyme

24
Q

help support the umbilical cord blood vessels

between the mother and the child

A

mucous connective tissue

25
Q

loose packing, support, and nourishment for the structures with which is associated

A

Areolar connective tissue

26
Q

packing material, thermal insulation, energy storage, protection of organs against injury from being bumped or jarred

A

Adipose connective tissue

27
Q

able to withstand great pulling forces exerted in the

direction of fiber orientation; great tensile strength and stretch resistance

A

Dense Regular Collagenous Connective Tissue

28
Q

able to stretch and recoil like a rubber band, with strength in the direction of fiber orientation

A

Dense Regular Elastic Connective Tissue

29
Q

it is a type of supporting connective tissue that is composed of chondrocytes and provides support

A

cartilage

30
Q

the most abundant type of cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage

31
Q

somewhat flexible and capable of

withstanding considerable pressure

A

fibrocartilage

32
Q

provides rigidity with even more flexibility than

hyaline cartilage because elastic fibers return to their original shape

A

elastic cartilage

33
Q

hard connective tissue that consists of living cells and a mineralized matrix

A

bone

34
Q

acts as a scaffolding to provide strength and support without the greater weight of compact bone

A

spongy bone

35
Q

provides great strength and support; forms a solid outer shell on bones that keeps them from being easily punctured

A

compact bone

36
Q

transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, nutrients, waste products and others

A

blood

37
Q

produces new blood cells

A

bone marrow

38
Q

moves the body; it is under voluntary control

A

skeletal muscle

39
Q

pumps the blood; is under involuntary control

A

cardiac muscle

40
Q

regulates size of organs, forces fluid through tubes, controls amount of light entering the eye, it is involuntary

A

smooth muscle

41
Q

also called nerve cells; conducting cells of the

tissue with three major parts

A

neurons

42
Q

contains the nucleus and is the site of

general cell functions

A

cell body

43
Q

usually receive the action potentials; shorter than axons and have multiple branches

A

dendrites

44
Q

conducts action potentials away from the cell body; longer than dendrites

A

axon

45
Q

the response that occurs

when tissues are damaged

A

inflammation

46
Q

mobilizes the body’s defenses, isolates, destroys,
microorganisms, and other injurious agents, and
removes foreign materials and damaged cells, so
that tissue repair can proceed

A

inflammatory response

47
Q

new cells are the same type as
those that were destroyed, and normal function is
usually restored

A

regeneration

48
Q

new type of tissue develops, which
eventually produces a scar and causes the loss of
some tissue function

A

replacement

49
Q

continue to divide throughout life

A

labile cells

50
Q

do not divide after growth ceases, but they

retain the ability to divide and are capable of regeneration in response to injury

A

stable cells

51
Q

have a very limited ability to replicate

and, if killed, are usually replaced by a different type of cell

A

permanent cells

52
Q

line cavities that open to the outside and

often contain mucous glands, which secrete mucus

A

mucous membrane

53
Q

line cavities that do not open to the

exterior and do not contain glands but do secrete serous fluid

A

serous membrane

54
Q

formed by connective tissues, line joint

cavities, and secretes a lubricating fluid

A

synovial membrane

anaphy (5 decks)

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