tissues

Question 1

collections of specialized cells and extracellular

substances surrounding them

Answer 1

tissues

Question 2

microscopic study of tissues

Answer 2

histology

Question 3

covers and protects surfaces both inside and outside the body

Answer 3

epithelial tissue

Question 4

consists of a single layer of cells with each cell
extending from the basement membrane to the free
surface

Answer 4

simple epithelium

Question 5

consists of more than one layer of cells, but only the
basal layer attaches the deepest layer to the
basement membrane

Answer 5

stratified epithelium

Question 6

special type of simple epithelium; pseudo- means
“false,” so this type appears to be stratified but is
not. it consists of one layer of cells, with all the cells
attached to the basement membrane

Answer 6

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 7

cells are flat or scalelike

Answer 7

squamous

Question 8

cells are cube-shaped

Answer 8

cuboidal

Question 9

cells tend to be taller than they are wide

Answer 9

columnar

Question 10

roughly cuboidal to columnar when
not stretched and squamous like
when stretched

Answer 10

transitional

Question 11

ducts are lined with epithelium

Answer 11

exocrine glands

Question 12

composed of many cells

Answer 12

multicellular glands

Question 13

single duct

Answer 13

simple

Question 14

ducts that branch

Answer 14

compound

Question 15

secretory regions shaped as tubules

Answer 15

tubular

Question 16

shaped in saclike structures

Answer 16

acinar/alveolar

Question 17

products are released, but no actual cellular

material is lost

Answer 17

merocrine secretion

Question 18

secretory products are released as fragments of
the gland cells, retained within the cell and are
pinched of to become part of the secretion

Answer 18

apocrine secretion

Question 19

involves the shedding of entire cells; products
accumulate in the cytoplasm of each epithelial
cell, the cell ruptures and dies, and the entire cell
becomes part of the secretion; used by the
sebaceous (oil) glands of the skin

Answer 19

holocrine secretion

Question 20

has no ducts and has has extensive blood cells

Answer 20

endocrine glands

Question 21

cellular products of endocrine glands which

are secreted into the bloodstream throughout the body

Answer 21

hormones

Question 22

connecting tissues to one another

Answer 22

connective tissues

Question 23

forms in the embryo during third and fourth weeks of

development from the mesoderm and neural crest cells; all adult tissue types develop from it

Answer 23

mesenchyme

Question 24

help support the umbilical cord blood vessels

between the mother and the child

Answer 24

mucous connective tissue

Question 25

loose packing, support, and nourishment for the structures with which is associated

Answer 25

Areolar connective tissue

Question 26

packing material, thermal insulation, energy storage, protection of organs against injury from being bumped or jarred

Answer 26

Adipose connective tissue

Question 27

able to withstand great pulling forces exerted in the | direction of fiber orientation; great tensile strength and stretch resistance

Answer 27

Dense Regular Collagenous Connective Tissue

Question 28

able to stretch and recoil like a rubber band, with strength in the direction of fiber orientation

Answer 28

Dense Regular Elastic Connective Tissue

Question 29

it is a type of supporting connective tissue that is composed of chondrocytes and provides support

Answer 29

cartilage

Question 30

the most abundant type of cartilage

Answer 30

hyaline cartilage

Question 31

somewhat flexible and capable of | withstanding considerable pressure

Answer 31

fibrocartilage

Question 32

provides rigidity with even more flexibility than | hyaline cartilage because elastic fibers return to their original shape

Answer 32

elastic cartilage

Question 33

hard connective tissue that consists of living cells and a mineralized matrix

Answer 33

bone

Question 34

acts as a scaffolding to provide strength and support without the greater weight of compact bone

Answer 34

spongy bone

Question 35

provides great strength and support; forms a solid outer shell on bones that keeps them from being easily punctured

Answer 35

compact bone

Question 36

transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, nutrients, waste products and others

Answer 36

blood

Question 37

produces new blood cells

Answer 37

bone marrow

Question 38

moves the body; it is under voluntary control

Answer 38

skeletal muscle

Question 39

pumps the blood; is under involuntary control

Answer 39

cardiac muscle

Question 40

regulates size of organs, forces fluid through tubes, controls amount of light entering the eye, it is involuntary

Answer 40

smooth muscle

Question 41

also called nerve cells; conducting cells of the | tissue with three major parts

Answer 41

neurons

Question 42

contains the nucleus and is the site of | general cell functions

Answer 42

cell body

Question 43

usually receive the action potentials; shorter than axons and have multiple branches

Answer 43

dendrites

Question 44

conducts action potentials away from the cell body; longer than dendrites

Answer 44

axon

Question 45

the response that occurs | when tissues are damaged

Answer 45

inflammation

Question 46

mobilizes the body’s defenses, isolates, destroys, microorganisms, and other injurious agents, and removes foreign materials and damaged cells, so that tissue repair can proceed

Answer 46

inflammatory response

Question 47

new cells are the same type as those that were destroyed, and normal function is usually restored

Answer 47

regeneration

Question 48

new type of tissue develops, which eventually produces a scar and causes the loss of some tissue function

Answer 48

replacement

Question 49

continue to divide throughout life

Answer 49

labile cells

Question 50

do not divide after growth ceases, but they | retain the ability to divide and are capable of regeneration in response to injury

Answer 50

stable cells

Question 51

have a very limited ability to replicate | and, if killed, are usually replaced by a different type of cell

Answer 51

permanent cells

Question 52

line cavities that open to the outside and | often contain mucous glands, which secrete mucus

Answer 52

mucous membrane

Question 53

line cavities that do not open to the | exterior and do not contain glands but do secrete serous fluid

Answer 53

serous membrane

Question 54

formed by connective tissues, line joint | cavities, and secretes a lubricating fluid

Answer 54

synovial membrane