musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

consists primarily of collagen and
proteoglycans and provides toughness, resilience, and
smoothness; lends flexible strength to the matrix

A

organic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

minerals that consists primarily of
a calcium phosphate called hydroxyapatite; gives the
matrix weight bearing strength

A

inorganic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

consists of a lacy network of bone with many small,

narrow-filled spaces

A

spongy bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

interconnecting rods and plates of bone

A

trabeculae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

denser and has fewer spaces than the spongy bone;

mostly solid matrix and cells

A

compact bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

also known as haversian system; consists of a
single central canal, its contents, associated concentric
lamellae, and osteocytes

A

osteons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

receives nutrients and eliminates waste

products through the canal system

A

osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

osteogenesis; the formation of bone by

osteoblasts

A

bone ossification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

occurs by the deposition of new bone lamellae

onto the existing bone or other connective tissue

A

bone growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

are the articulating surfaces of two bones united

by fibrous connective tissue

A

fibrous joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

unite two bones by means of cartilage

A

cartilaginous joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

are freely movable joints that contain fluid in a

cavity surrounding the ends of articulating bones

A

synovial joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

are the fibrous joints between the bones of the skulls.

A

sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

are fibrous joints in which the bones are

separated by some distance and held together by ligaments

A

syndesmoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

consists of pegs fitted into sockets and held in

place by ligaments

A

gomphoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

muscle fasciculi and bundles of muscle fibers are covered by the
connective tissue layer called the

A

perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

myofibril is composed of two major protein fibers

A

actin and myosin

18
Q

actin microfilaments consist of a double helix F actin

A

tropomyosin and troponin

19
Q

ATP synthesized in aerobic respiration produces energy
for muscle contractions under resting conditions or
during exercises such as long-distance running

A

aerobic respiration

20
Q

ATP synthesized in anaerobic respiration provides

energy for a short time during intense exercise

A

anaerobic respiration

21
Q

muscle that accomplishes a certain movement such as

flexion

22
Q

a muscle that plays a major role in

accomplishing the movement

A

prime mover

23
Q

also called the mobile end; attachment of a muscle to

a more movable bone

24
Q

is a bending movement that decreases the angles of the joint to bring the articulating bones closer together.

25
is a straightening movement that increases the angle of the joint to extend the articulating bones.
extention
26
movement of the foot toward the shin as when walking on the heels.
dorsiflexion
27
movement away from the median or midsagittal plane.
abduction
28
is movement toward the median plane.
adduction
29
is rotation of the forearm so that the palm is down
pronation
30
rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces up
supination
31
is movement of a structure in a inferior direction
depression
32
is movement of a structure in a superior direction
elevation
33
is a movement in which a structure glide anteriorly
protraction
34
the structure glides posteriorly.
retraction
35
is a movement unique to the thumb and little finger.
opposition
36
returns the digits to the anatomical position.
reposition
37
turning the foot so that the plantar surface faces | medially.
inversion
38
turning the foot so that the plantar surfaces face | laterally.
eversion
39
is the turning of a structure around its long axis.
rotation
40
the arms moves so that it traces a cone where the | shoulder joint is at the cone’s apex.
circumduction