Tissue Transplant Rejection Flashcards
The direct pathwy activates what types of immune response?
CD4 (delayed) and CD8 (immediate) T cells
The direct pathway of tissue rejection involves MHC being presented on:
antigen presenting cells in the graft
The indirect pathway involves MHC being presented on what cell?
Host dendritic cell
What type of immune response is solicited by an indirect tissue rejection?
CD4 localized delayed type response, B cells recruited
What is the risk when preformed antibodies against the graft (ABO, HLA) are present in the host?
Hyperacute rejection reaction
What four tests are often done before a transplant?
ABO matching
HLA matching
Preformed HLA/ABO Antibodies
Lymphocyte match (Mix serum of recipient to donor lymphocytes)
Acute reaction occurs from:
Cell mediated (CD4, CD8) rejection Antibody (B cell) rejection
Changes in the tissue due to chronic rejection are primarily manifest in what structures?
Vessels
Allogenic HCT may result in this disease
Graft vs. Host disease
GVHD can occur in HST, but also in what two transplants?
Liver, blood transfusion
Acute GVHD can manifest in the following ways:
Dermatitis
Bile duct destruction (jaundice)
GI tract ulceration (bloody diarrhea)
Chronic GVHD can manifest as:
Loss of skin appendages or dermal fibrosis
Chronic liver disease
Malabsorption, chronic diarrhea
Lungs: Obliterative bronchiolitis
What are the three necessary factors for a patient to get GVHD?
Immunocompetent donor lymphocytes
Immunosuppressed host lymphocytes
Host HLA antigens foreign to donor lymphocytes
The three most common forms of amyloid are:
AL myeloid
AA myleoid
Beta-associated myeloid
What is AL amyloid composed of?
Light chain of Ig. Most often lambda, not as often kappa.
Produced from monoclonal plasma cells (myeloma)
