Tissue Properties Flashcards
Acute injury lasts up to _________ days.
~5
Subacute injury lasts from ___-___ days.
5-10 (up to 21) after acute phase has ended
Chronic injury begins around _____-_____ days after injury and lasts up to _______ or more.
26-34 days; 1 year or more.
Sprain is injury to a _______.
Ligament
Strain is injury to a ________.
Muscle
______ is directly related to the magnitude of force and inversely related to the unit area.
Stress
_______ is a change in length of a material due to an imposed load divided by the original length.
Strain
Identify the three major phases of injury.
Inflammatory
Proliferative
Remodeling
PRICE and MEM are appropriate interventions during which phase of injury?
Inflammatory
Active recovery, ROM, and isometrics are appropriate interventions during which phase of recovery?
Proliferative
Minimal structure damage is classified as what degree of muscle injury?
First degree
Partial tear with a large spectrum of injury is classified as what degree of muscle injury?
Second degree
A complete tear is classified as what degree of muscle injury?
Third degree
List the modifiable risk factors for muscle strains (4)
Muscle weakness/imbalance
Fatigue
Lack of flexibility
Poor coordination
List the non-modifiable risk factors for muscle strains (4):
Age
Prior history of injury
Gender
Surface/sport
T/F Weight and BMI do not influence the risk of muscle strain.
True
PEACE stands for:
Protection (first 48-72 hrs)
Elevation (above heart)
Avoid (NSAIDS)
Compression (reduce swelling)
Education
LOVE stands for:
Load (graded exposure)
Optimism
Vascularization
Exercised
Identify three factors affecting the risk of injury for a tendon:
Age
Hormone levels
Load (and load/history/absence of load)
Tendons heal SLOWER/FASTER than muscle.
Slower (7.5x lower O2 consumption)
Unique aspect of tendon injury that occurs throughout the day.
Warming phase (24 hr pattern -stiffness, pain, improvement)
Some stretching or tearing of the ligamentous fibers is classified as what grade of ligament injury?
Grade 1 (mild)
Some tearing and separation of the ligamentous fibers is classified as what grade of ligament injury?
Grade 2 (moderate)
Total rupture of the ligament is classified as what grade of ligament injury?
Grade 3 (complete)
No laxity occurs in what grade of ligament injury?
Grade 1
Moderate laxity occurs in what classification of ligament injury?
Grade 2
Cartilage, particularly articular cartilage heals very WELL/POORLY.
Poorly
Max laxity occurs in what grade of ligament injury?
Grade 3
_____ heals better than any other tissue in the body.
Bone
Identify the four stages of bone injury/healing.
Inflammation
Granulation tissue/soft callus formation.
Hard callus formation
Bone remodeling and consolidation
Grade 1 muscle injury healing timeline.
0-4 weeks
Grade 2 muscle injury healing timeline.
1 week to 3 months
Grade 3 muscle injury healing timeline.
2-3 months to >1 year
Identify the tissue based on the following rehabilitation guidelines: Exposure to load, compressive forces, vibration to increase density and strength.
Bone
Identify the tissue based on the following rehabilitation guidelines: Progressive load through tensile stress in line with force exposure.
Ligament
Identify the tissue based on the following rehabilitation guidelines: Progressive load through tensile stress in line with force exposure to improve cross linkage and collagen fiber organization.
Tendon
Identify the tissue based on the following rehabilitation guidelines: Progressive load exercises to facilitate adaptation, altering speed from slow to faster to improve RFD and motor recruitment.
Muscle
Identify the tissue based on the following rehabilitation guidelines: Lower to moderate load throughout ROM.
Cartilage
