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PAS - Fundamentals of Anatomy and Histology > Tissue Organisation - Cellular Basis > Flashcards

Tissue Organisation - Cellular Basis Flashcards

1
Q

What are some features of an epithelium?

A

Forms dense cellular sheets
Has no blood vessels
Rests on basal lamina complex
Polarised cells

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2
Q

What are the 3 specialisations of epithelium?

A

Cilia
Microvilli
Keratinisation

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3
Q

What are the 3 main layers of epithelium?

A

Apical membrane
Basolateral membrane
Basal lamina

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4
Q

Features of simple squamous epithelium?

A

Allows materials to pass through by diffusion and filtration

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5
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Secretes and absorbs

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6
Q

Simple columnar epithelium?

A

Absorbs, secretes mucus and enzymes

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7
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

A

Secretes mucus, ciliates tissue moves mucus

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8
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Protects against abrasion

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9
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

Protective tissue

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10
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium?

A

Secretes and protects

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11
Q

Transitional epithelium?

A

Allows urinary organs to expand and stretch

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12
Q

What are the 5 cell junctions in epithelial cells?

A 
Tight junction
Adherents junction
Desmond one
Gap junction
Hemidesmosome
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13
Q

What are anchoring junctions?

A

Junctions linked by bundles of intermediate filament and allow epithelial sheets to flex without tearing
Adherens junctions, Desmosomes and hemidesmosomes

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14
Q

What are the 3 proteins involved with desmosomes?

A

Desmoglein
Desmocolin
Plakoglobin

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15
Q

What are non-anchoring junctions?

A

Creates seal to prevent small molecules from crossing
Allows exchange of small molecules between cytoplasm of neighbouring cells
Tight junctions and gap junctions

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16
Q

What are the two types of connective tissue?

A

Soft connective tissue

Hard connective tissue (bone)

17
Q

What do adipose cells do?

A

Store energy
Shape body
Fats pads and shock absorbers

18
Q

What do fibroblasts do?

A

Synthesis collagen and ground substance

19
Q

What are the purposes of the 5 types of collagen?

A

Type 1 - most abundant protein, widespread and forms fibres
Type 2 - found in hyaline and elastic cartilage, forms thin fibres
Type 3 - forms reticular fibres and can polymerise other types
Type 4 - In basal lamina, does not form fibres
Type 5 - small amounts in basal laminae and elsewhere, foetal membranes and vessels

20
Q

What are the main functions of the basal lamina?

A

Provide attachment to underlying connective tissue
Acts as selectively permeable barrier
Controls epithelial growth and cell specialisation
Forms barrier to downward growth

PAS - Fundamentals of Anatomy and Histology (11 decks)

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