Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Parasitology > Tissue Nematodes > Flashcards

Tissue Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

In which class is Trichinella spiralis classified?

A

Adenophorea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is characteristic of Trichinella spiralis’ esophagus?

A

long = 2/3 of body length: anterior is thin walled & muscular vs. posterior is surrounded by stichocytes (granular cells w/ digestive enzymes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the stichosome and what does it secrete?

A

posterior to esophagus & stichocytes. secretes?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where do adult Trichinella spiralis’ live in the host?

A

small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain how one host ind is the DH & IH in the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis.

A

female produces L1 not eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does ovoviviparous mean?

A

produces L1 not eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of cells do Trichinella spiralis L1 penetrate once they have left the SI?

A

skeletal muscle fibers & induce change in muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What changes occur in a host cell during its transformation into a nurse cell in Trichinella spiralis?

A
  1. loses myofilaments 2. nuclei hypertraply 3. mitochondria degenerate 4. circulatory rate - network of capillaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What symptoms might the host experience during nurse cell transformation in Trichinella spiralis infection?

A

muscle pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Compare sylvatic & urban trichinellosis.

A

sylvatic: wild carnivores & prey vs. urban: farms, rats & pigs, pigs eat rats and humans eat pigs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 3 phases of Trichinella spiralis pathology?

A
  1. intestinal phase 2. migration phase 3. inflammatory phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens during the intestinal phase of Trichinella spiralis?

A

mild: lesions in intestinal lining, nausea, fever, diarrhea, pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens during the migration phase of Trichinella spiralis?

A

severe (L1s): eye tongue, diaphragm, jaw, chewing, swallowing all have muscle pain. difficultly breathing, chewing, swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens during the inflammatory phase of Trichinella spiralis?

A

moderate: nurse cells, strong immune response, heart damage & nervous disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is infection with Trichinella spiralis diagnosed?

A

ELISA: 1. antibodies produced against parastie 2. antigen from stichocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is ESA and where is it produced?

A

excretory secretory antigen from stichocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How should Trichinella spiralis infection be treated?

A

albendazole, metbendazole for adult worms. worms don’t live long

18
Q

What populations are most at risk of Trichinella spiralis infection?

A

people eating undercooked wild game

19
Q

Does cooking or freezing meat control Trichinella spiralis infection?

A

yes: cook at 170F or freeze at 5F for 21 days

20
Q

What is the normal DH in the Anisakis life cycle?

A

marine mammals

21
Q

What are the IHs for Anisakis and what stages develop in each host?

A

1st IH: crustanceans 2nd IH: fish with L3

22
Q

How do humans become involved in Anisakis life cycle?

A

ingest raw/undercooked fish with L3

23
Q

What pathology can result if a human is infected with Anisakis?

A
  1. acute - intense pain, nausea, vomiting 2. chronic - abescesses, granduloma (host response)
24
Q

How is Anisakis diagnosed in humans?

A

ELISA

25
Q

What does ELISA detect?

A

circulting antigen

26
Q

Why doesn’t ELISA detect antibodies?

A

detects parasite secretions from invasion into host tissue

27
Q

How is Anisakis infection treated and prevented?

A

treatment: self limiting, surgery, albendazole control: candling, cook/freeze meat

28
Q

In which class is Dracunculus medinensis classified?

A

secermenteo

29
Q

What is the common name of Dracunculus medinensis?

A

guinea worm, firery serpent

30
Q

How is Dracunculus medinensis transmitted?

A

L1 is eating by copepod L3 infects humans when they drink infected water

31
Q

Where does the female Dracunculus medinensis live?

A

skin of humans host

32
Q

Where does female Dracunculus medinensis lay eggs?

A

subcutaneous tissues of infected humans

33
Q

What causes Dracunculus medinensis blister to form?

A

immune response by host

34
Q

How do Dracunculus medinensis L1s leave the host?

A

water causes blister to rupture and L1s enter the water

35
Q

What is the IH in Dracunculus medinensis?

A

copepods

36
Q

Where do the Dracunculus medinensis adults live?

A

skin of legs

37
Q

Describe the pathology caused by Dracunculus medinensis.

A
  1. migration - immune rxn to parasite waters 2. blister - secondary infection 3. non emergent worms, didn’t make it to skin die & calcified in or near joints and cause arthritis
38
Q

How is Dracunculus medinensis infection diagnosed and treated?

A

diagnosed: blister with worm treatment: small stick to wind worm: Caduceus

39
Q

In what parts of the world is Dracunculus medinensis found?

A

areas with drought because water is concentrated

40
Q

Does eradication of Dracunculus medinensis seem possible?

A

yes: projected to be 1st parasite and 3rd disease to be eradicated

41
Q

What is the Carter Center doing in the fight against Dracunculus medinensis?

A
  1. education 2. treat ponds w chemicals (temephos) 3. funding and gov assistance 4. water wells 5. filter clothes 6. medical supplies 7. pipe filters
42
Q

What is the parasitologist’s dilemma?

A

eradication of parasite may lead to lower host death rate but if this is not matched with lower birth rate -> consequences to quality of life

Human Parasitology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions