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Biology > Tissue Level Of Orginization > Flashcards

Tissue Level Of Orginization Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

several layers of cells; cuboidal to columnar shape in deep layers; squamous cells in superficial layers; keratin is absent

A

Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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2
Q

Consists of fibers (collagen, elastic and reticular) and several kinds of cells (fibroblasts, macrophages, plasma cells, adipocytes, and mast cells) embedded in a semifluid ground substance

A

Areolar Loose Connective Tissue

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3
Q

several layers of cells; cuboidal to columnar shape in deep layers; squamous cells in superficial layers; keratin is present at the most superficial surface

A

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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4
Q

Name the tissue

A

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

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5
Q

Name the tissue

A

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

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6
Q

Location: heart well

Function: Pumps blood to all parts of the body

A

Cardiac Muscle tissue

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7
Q

Name the tissue

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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8
Q

Name the tissue

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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9
Q

Location: Usually attatched to bones by tendons

Function: Motion, Posture, heat production

A

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

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10
Q

Consists of osteons (AKA Haversian systems) that contain lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes, canaliculi and central haversian canals

A

Compact/Dense Bone/Osseous Connective Tissue

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11
Q

Name the tissue

A

Hyalin Cartilage Connective Tissue

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12
Q

Describe the location and function of Nervous Tissue

A

Location: Nervous System

Function: Exhibits sensitivty to various types of stimuli, converts stimuli into nerve impluses, and conducts nerve impulses to other neurons, muscle fibers, or glands.

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13
Q

Name the tissue

A

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

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14
Q

Name the tissue. What are the thicker strands visible? Thinner strands?

A

Areolar Loose Connective Tissue. The thicker strands are collagen, while the thinner are elastin

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15
Q

Why does cardiac muscle tissue have intercalated discs?

A

Cardiac Muscle cells are not “fused” together, and intercalated discs (gap junctions) link the cells together and define their borders. Also, Intercalated discs are the major way cardiac cells communicate with each other , which is required for coordinated muscle contraction and maintenance of circulation.

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16
Q

Spindle-shaped, nonstriated fibers with one centally located nucleus; involuntary control

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

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17
Q

Location: lines a few portions of upper respiratory tract

Function: moves mucus by ciliary action

A

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

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18
Q

These cells synthesize extracellular matrix, play a critical role in wound healing, and produce structural freamework for animal tissues

A

Fibroblasts

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19
Q

What is the most superficial layer of the Embryonic Germ Layers?

A

Ectoderm

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20
Q

What does Ectoderm of the Embryonic germ layer give rise to?

A

Nervous Tissue

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21
Q

Name the formed element in Blood Connective Tissue (Circled in red) and it’s function

A

Thrombocytes (platelets). They are essential for the clotting of blood

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22
Q

Consists of a bluish-white, shiny ground stubstance with fine collagen fibers; contains numerous chrondocytes; most abundant type of cartilage

A

Hyaline Cartilage Connective Tissue

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23
Q

Name the tissue

A

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

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24
Q

Name the tissue

A

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

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25
Q

Location: lines wet surfaces, such as lining of the mouth, espophagus, vagina, and covers the tongue Function: protection

A

Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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26
Q

What are adipocytes?

A

Cells that function for storage of fat

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27
Q

What does Mesoderm of the Embryonic germ layer give rise to?

A

Connective Tissues and Muscle Tissues

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28
Q

What are Chrondocytes?

A

Cartilge Cells

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29
Q

Name the tissue

A

Hyaline Cartilage Connective Tissue

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30
Q

Location: Lines blood vessels, air sacs of lungs, and glomerular (Bowman’s) capsules of kidneys

Function: filteration, difussion, osmosis

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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31
Q

Branched striated fibers with one or two centrally located nuclei; contains intercalated discs; involuntary control

A

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

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32
Q

Name the tissue

A

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

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33
Q

Location: subcutaneous layer of skin

Function: Strength, Elasticity, and Support

A

Areolar Loose Connective Tissue

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34
Q

Function: secretion and movement of mucus by ciliary action

Location: lines the airways of most upper respiratory tract

A

Location and function of ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium

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35
Q

Describe axons and dendrites and the differences between the two

A

Axons

  • Each neuron has only 1 axon
  • They are very long, and only branch out at their ends
  • Usually surrounded by myelin sheath, but not always
  • Have a uniform diameter
  • carry nerve impulses away from the cell body

Dendrites

  • Each neuron has several dendrites
  • Very short, and they branch out all along, unlike axons
  • non-myelinated
  • Have a tapering diameter
  • Carry nerve impulses towards the cell body
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36
Q

Name the tissue

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

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37
Q

Consists of plasma and formed elements. The formed elements are erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

A

Blood Connective Tissue

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38
Q

Name the tissue

A

Regular Dense Connective Tissue

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39
Q

Name the tissue

A

Adipose Loose Connective Tissue

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40
Q

Describe the Nodes of Ranvier

A

Gaps between the myelin sheath. The nodes of Ranvier allow the generation of a fast electrical impulse along the axon

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41
Q

Name the tissue

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

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42
Q

Location: Subcutaneous layer deep to skin; around heart and kidneys, yellow marrow of long bones

Function: reduces heat loss through skin, serves as an energy reserve

A

Adipose Loose Connective Tissue

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43
Q

What is the function of goblet cells?

A

They secrete mucus

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44
Q

Name the tissue

A

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

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45
Q

Location: covers surface of ovary, lines kidney tubules Function: secretion and absorption

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

46
Q

What is the deepest layer of Embryonic Germ Tissue?

A

Endoderm

47
Q

Identify and describe the following:

Lamellae

Lacunae

Canaliculi

Haversian Canals

A

Lamellae: the ring like patterns/ circles surrounding the Haversian canal; each osteon consists of several of these concentric layers

Lacunae: Each contains one osteocyte; they are the smaller, rectangular shaped holes (many of them)

Canaliculi: Tiny passageways/canals connecting lacunae

Haversian Canals: Contain the bone’s blood vessels and nerve fibers

48
Q

Name the tissue

A

Areolar Loose Connective Tissue

49
Q

Name the tissue

A

Non-keratinized stratifitied squamous epithelium

50
Q

Name the tissue

A

Nervous Tissue

51
Q

Single layer of flat cells; centrally located nucleus

A

Simple Squamous Epithilium

52
Q

Name the formed element in Blood Connective Tissue (Circled in red) and it’s function

A

Leukocytes (White Blood Cells.) They carry on phagocytosis and are involved in allergic reactions and immune system responses

53
Q

Fibroblasts secret these type of fibers

A

Collagen Fibers, Elastic fibers, and reticular fibers

54
Q

Name the tissue

A

SImple Cuboidal Epithelium

55
Q

Consists of adipocytes (cells that are specialized to store triglycerides in a large central area in their cytoplasm); the nuclei are peripherally located

A

Adipose Loose Connective Tissue

56
Q

single layer of cube-shaped cells; centrally located nucleus

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

57
Q

Location: lines a few portions of upper respiratory tract Function: moves mucus by ciliary action

A

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

58
Q

Name the tissue

A

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

59
Q

Long, cylindrical, striated fibers with multiple peripherally located nuclei; voluntary control

A

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

60
Q

Name the tissue

A

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

61
Q

A tissue type where cells are closely packed, with little to no extracellular space

A

Epithilal Tissue

62
Q

Name the tissue

A

Adipose Loose Connective Tissue

63
Q

What is the middle layer of Embryonic Germ Tissue?

A

Mesoderm

64
Q

Location: ends of long bones; anterior ends of ribs, nose, parts of larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchial tubes

Functions: Provides smooth surface for movements of joints, as well as flexibility and support

A

Hyaline Cartilage Connective Tissue

65
Q

Name the tissue

A

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

66
Q

Location: Walls of hollow internal structures such as blood vessels, airways to the lungs, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, urinary bladder and uterus

Function: Motion (constriction of blood vessels and airways, propulsion of food through gastrointestinal tract, constriction of urinary bladder and gallbladder)

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

67
Q

Not a true stratified tissue; nuclei of cells are at different levels; all cells are attached to basement membrane, but not all reach the apical surface; cilia are present; goblet cells are present

A

pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium

68
Q

Name the tissue

A

Irregular Dense Connective Tissue

69
Q

Location: Forms tendons (attatch muscle to bone), most ligaments (attatch bone to bone), and aponeuroses (sheet-like tendons that attatch muscle to muscle and muscle to bone)

Function: Provides strong attatchment between various structures

A

Regular Dense Connective Tissue

70
Q

Name the tissue

A

Nervous tissue

71
Q

Location: forms superficial layer of skin

Function: protection

A

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

72
Q

Name the tissue

A

Nervous tissue

73
Q

Name the tissue

A

Hyaline Cartilage Connective Tissue

74
Q

Where does Epithelial Tissue originate from?

A

From ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

75
Q

Most common cell type in connective tissue

A

Fibroblasts

76
Q

Name the tissue

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

77
Q

Name the tissue

A

Irregular Dense Connective Tissue

78
Q

Name the tissue

A

Regular Dense Connective Tissue

79
Q

Name the Embryonic Germ Layers

A
  • Ectoderm
  • Mesoderm
  • Endoderm
80
Q

Name the formed element in Blood Connective Tissue (Circled in red) and it’s function

A

Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells.) They transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.

81
Q

Name the tissue

A

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

82
Q

Name the tissue

A

Keratinized Stratified squamous Epithelium

83
Q

single layer of nonciliated rectangular cells; nucleus at the base of the cell; contains goblet cells and cells with microvilli in some location

A

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

84
Q

Location: around muscles, deeper region of dermis of skin, perichrondium of cartilage

Function: provides strength

A

Irregular Dense Connective Tissue

85
Q

Name the locations where Blood Connective Tissue is present

A

Within blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins) and within the chambers of the heart

86
Q

Name the tissue

A

Regular Dense Connective Tissue

87
Q

Consists predominantly of collagen fibers, randomly arranged, and a few fibroblasts

A

Irregular Dense Connective Tissue

88
Q

What is the function of the Sarcolemma? What kind of cells is it located in?

A

The sarcolemma has pretty much the same function in muscle cells as the plasma membrane does in other eukaryote cells. It acts as a barrier between the extracellular and intracellular compartments, defining the individual muscle fiber from its surroundings.

Can be thought as the “Plasma membrane” of muscle cells

89
Q

Name the tissue

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

90
Q

What kind of cell is shown?

A

Fibroblasts

91
Q

Location: Makes up various parts of bones of the body

Function: Support, Protection; Houses blood-forming tissue; serves as levers that act together with muscle to enable movement

A

Compact/ Dense Bone/ Osseous Connective Tissue

92
Q

These are the only cells to secrete keratin

A

Squamous Cells

93
Q

Name the tissue

A

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

94
Q

Name the tissue

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

95
Q

Describe the components of Nervous tissue

A

Consists of

  • Cell Body (soma) which consists of
    • Neurons
    • processes extending from the cell body called dendrites and axons
  • Axons covered with myelin sheath at some places
  • Neuroglia (they do not generate or conduct nerve impulses but have other important functions
96
Q

Name the tissue

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

97
Q

Definition of avascular

A

few/no blood vessels

98
Q

Name the tissue

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

99
Q

Matrix looks white; consists of predominantly collagen fibers arranged in bundles; fibroblasts present in rows between bundles

A

Regular Dense Connective Tissue

100
Q

single layer of ciliated rectangular cells; nucleus at the base of the cell; contains goblet cells in some locations

A

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

101
Q

Which muscle tissues are striated?

A

Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Cardiac Muscle Tissue

102
Q

How would you describe Skeletal Muscle Tissue?

  1. Branched
  2. Non-Branched
  3. Tapered
A
  1. Non-Branched
103
Q

How would you describe Smooth Muscle Tissue?

  1. Branched
  2. Non-Branched
  3. Tapered
A
  1. Tapered
104
Q

How would you describe Cardiac Muscle Tissue?

  1. Branched
  2. Non-Branched
  3. Tapered
A
  1. Branched
105
Q

Which Muscle tissue is described as “voluntary”?

  1. Cardiac Muscle Tissue
  2. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
  3. Smooth Muscle Tissue
A
  1. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
106
Q

Which Muscle tissue is described as “non-striated”?

  1. Cardiac Muscle Tissue
  2. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
  3. Smooth Muscle Tissue
A
  1. Smooth Muscle Tissue
107
Q

Which Muscle tissue is described as “multi-nucleated”?

  1. Cardiac Muscle Tissue
  2. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
  3. Smooth Muscle Tissue
A
  1. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
108
Q
A
109
Q
A
110
Q
A
111
Q
A

Biology (7 decks)

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