Tissue Biomechanics 2

Question 1

The total energy required to cause material FAILURE.

Answer 1

toughness

Question 2

How can toughness be estimated on the stress/strain curve?

Answer 2

By observing the TOTAL AREA under the stress strain curve.

Question 3

Describe bone in strength, ductility, and toughness:

Answer 3

High strength
Low ductility (brittle)
Low toughness

Question 4

Describe a tendon in strength, ductility, and toughness.

Answer 4

Moderate strength and ductility

High toughness

Question 5

Describe a ligament in strength, ductility, and toughness:

Answer 5

Low strength, high ductility,

Moderate toughness

Question 6

The ability to return to original shape when the load is removed:

Answer 6

elasticity

Question 7

The point at which the applied stress can lead to PERMANENT DEFORMATION:

Answer 7

Yield point

Question 8

The nonlinear response of the material after the yield point - some degree of deformation will persist after removal of stress:

Answer 8

Plastic region

Question 9

In the plastic region, will the material return to normal shape?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

Property of materials to resist loads that produce shear or tensile forces:

Answer 10

viscosity

Question 11

What refers to putty like behavior? (The linear deformation produced by tensile stress remains after the stress is removed:

Answer 11

Viscous (plastic) stretch

Question 12

The majority of body tissues are this:

Answer 12

viscoelastic

Question 13

When a material shows both viscosity AND elasticity:

Answer 13

viscoelasticity

Question 14

Viscoelastic structures will show ______ dependent loading characteristics:

Answer 14

time

Question 15

What are the three time dependent loading characteristics of viscoelasticity?

Answer 15

creep
Relaxation
hysteresis

Question 16

Continued deformation over time when constantly loaded.

Answer 16

creep

Question 17

The corresponding eventual decrease in stress that will occur as fluid is NO long exuded:

Answer 17

relaxation

Question 18

Energy loss exhibited by Viscoelastic material when they are subjected to loading and unloading cycles:

Answer 18

hysteresis

Question 19

Creep in tissues occurs because of what?

Answer 19

Expulsion of water (IVDs)

Question 20

The larger the load, the ______ the hysteresis.

Answer 20

greater

Question 21

The part of the graph for normal range of motion:

Answer 21

Toe region

Question 22

This region of the graph is after taking out the slack in soft tissue:

Answer 22

Micro-failure

Question 23

Is it still elastic in the micro-failure region of the graph?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

A grade one strain and small amount of damage happen in this region of the graph:

Answer 24

micro-failure

Question 25

The stress when plastic deformation starts:

Answer 25

Yield stress

Question 26

Magnitude of stress on the load–deformation curve at which appreciable deformation takes place without any appreciable increase in load:

Answer 26

Yield stress

Question 27

The tissue undergoes PLASTIC deformation, grade 2 sprain:

Answer 27

Macro-failure

Question 28

Eventually the tissue ruptures, what grade sprain is this?

Answer 28

Grade 3 sprain

Question 29

Are you looking at the graph for loading characteristics? In order how does it go?

Answer 29

No, then look
Toe region
Micro-failure,
Yield point,
Macro-failure (plastic)
rupture

Question 30

Toe region is also known as the:

Answer 30

Clinical region

Question 31

Slack or crimp removed in this region:

Answer 31

Toe region