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Biomechanics Exam 1 > Basics and Terminology 2 > Flashcards

Basics and Terminology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Action (push or pull) upon a body causing it to deform or move =

A

force

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2
Q

Force is measured in what?

A

newtons

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3
Q

Force is a _____ quantity.

A

vector

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4
Q

Force =

A

Mass x acceleration

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5
Q

_____ and ______ are most important in adjusting.

A

Speed and tension

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6
Q

Newton’s first law of motion is aka:

A

Law of inertia

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7
Q

The resistance to having its state of motion changed by application of force is called what?

A

inertia

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8
Q

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by and unbalanced force.

A

Newton’s 1st Law of Motion/ Law of Inertia

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9
Q

A system in equilibrium is either _____ or _____.

A

At rest

Moving with a constant velocity.

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10
Q

Newton’s 2nd Law of motion aka

A

Law of Force and Acceleration

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11
Q

The acceleration of an object depends directly upon the net force acting upon the object, and inversely upon the mass of the object.

A

Newton’s second Law/ aka

Law of Force and Acceleration

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12
Q

What is a visual to help with Newton’s 2nd law. (inversely related to mass)

A

Person pushing a basketball and pushing a car. Same force, basketball moves, car does not.

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13
Q

Newton’s Third Law of Motion aka

A

Law of Action and Reaction

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14
Q

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

A

Newton’s 3rd Law, law of action and reaction.

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15
Q

Every action force is met with and equal and opposite reaction force. Does every ACTION produce and equal and opposite reaction?

A

No (b/c of second law)

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16
Q

Force always comes in pairs =

A

Equal and opposite action-reaction force pairs

17
Q

A girl on skates vs. a girl on floor with shoes throwing a ball. Which law does this help show?

A

3rd Law

18
Q

The intensity of force perpendicular to the surface on which it acts is called what?

A

Normal stress

19
Q

The intensity of force parallel to the surface on which it rests is called what?

A

Shear stress

20
Q

This exists when two contacting surfaces are not currently sliding relative to each other but do possess the POTENTIAL for movement.

A

Static friction

21
Q

The ratio required to initiate a sliding motion between two bodies is called:

A

Coefficient of (static) friction

22
Q

0.0 coefficient of friction is:

A

frictionless

23
Q

1.0 coefficient of friction is:

A

Maximum friction

24
Q

Friction in cases when the two surfaces are already sliding relative to each other:

A

Kinetic friction

25
Q

Kinetic friction aka:

A

Dynamic friction

26
Q

As soon as the applied parallel force exceeds the static friction force and the object begins to slide, what happens to the friction force?

A

decreases

27
Q

When forces are exerted and objects are in contact what else is important?

A

pressure

28
Q

The magnitude of applied force acting over a given area. (F/A=)

A

pressure

29
Q

Pressure is measured in what?

A

Pascal (Pa)

30
Q

Maximum stretch a material can withstand without rupture is called what?

A

Tensile strength

31
Q

What is the tensile strength of skin?

A

9.25 N/mm2

32
Q

Performed when an object is displaced by the application of force.

A

work

33
Q

Work is measured in :

A

joules

34
Q

If the object is not displaced was any work performed?

A

no

35
Q

The energy an object possess due to motion.

A

Kinetic energy

36
Q

Car 1 is stopped and Car 2 hits car one. Which car performed work? Why?

A

Car 2

b/c force was applied by Car 2 to make Car 1 move.

37
Q

Since velocity is squared in the equation for kinetic energy what does that mean?

A

Changes in velocity have large effects of kinetic energy

Biomechanics Exam 1 (7 decks)

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