tissue and skin

Question 1

define tissue

Answer 1

is a groupf of similar cells and cell products that arise from the same region of the embryo and work together to perform a specific stuctural or physiological role in an organ

Question 2

what are the 4 types of tissue

Answer 2

1- epithelial
2- connective
3- nervous
4- muscular

Question 3

simple epithelial

Answer 3

has only one layer of cells

• simple squamous (thin scaly cells)
• simple cuboidal (round cells)
• simple epithelial (tall narrow cells)

Question 4

epithelial

Answer 4

tissue composed of layers of closley spaced cells that cover organ surfaces, form glands, and serve for protection, secretion, and absoprtion (epidermis, digestive tract, liver)

Question 5

connective

Answer 5

tissue with usually more matrix than cell volume oftenr specailized for support, blind, and protect organisms (tendons, ligaments, cartilage, blood)

Question 6

nervous

Answer 6

tissue containing excitable cells specalized for rapid transmission of coded information to other cells (brain, spinal cord, nerves)

Question 7

muscular

Answer 7

tissue composed of elongated, excitable muscle cells specalized for contraction (skeletal muscles, heart, walls of viscera)

Question 8

straified epitheliem

Answer 8

• stratified squamous: keratinzed (dead skin cells, legs) and nonkeratinzed (non dead skin cells, moist, vagina, eosphagus)
• straified columnar epithelia: (pharynx, larynx, anal canal, male uretha.
• straified cuboidal: absorption and secretion (liver, thryoid, mammary, sailvary, and other glands.
• pseudostraified columnar epithelieum: secrets and propels muscle, respirtory tractc, nasal cavity, uretha

Question 9

connective tissues functions

Answer 9

• bind organs together
• form structural framework
• support and protect organs
• immune protection
• movement
• storage
• heat production
• transport

Question 10

types of connective tissue

Answer 10

• fibrous tissue
• adipose tissue
• blood
• cartilage
• bone

Question 11

fibrous connective tissue

Answer 11

• areolar tissue (surrounds blood vessels and nerves)
• reticular tissue (mesh of resticular fibres and fibroblasys, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus)
• dense regular connective tissue (tendons)
• dense irregular connective tissue (collagen fibres)

Question 12

adipose tissue

Answer 12

• fat

- comprised of adipocytes

Question 13

cartilage

Answer 13

reativley stiff connective tissue with a felixable ribbery matrix. produced by cells called chrondroblasts which secrete the matrix and surrond themselves in it until they become trapped in lucunae. Chrondroblasts become chondrocytes

Question 14

what are the types of cartilage

Answer 14

• hylaine cartilage
• elastic cartilage
• firbocartilage

Question 15

hylaine cartilage

Answer 15

a thin articular cartilage over the ends of bones of moveable joints; supportive rings and plates around trachea and bronchi. Ease joint movements; holds airway open during respiration.

Question 16

elastic cartilage

Answer 16

external ear and epiglottis

felxible elastic support

Question 17

fibrocartilage

Answer 17

pubis symphysis, intervertbral discs, menisci

resist compression and absorb shock

Question 18

bone

Answer 18

is a hard calcified connective tissue
2 forms:
1- spongy bone: fills the head of the long bones, ad forms the middle layer of the flat bones such as strenum and cranial bones.
2- compact bone: no spaces visible to forms the external surface of all bones

Question 19

blood

Answer 19

is a fluid connective tissue that travels through tubular blood vessels. Primary function is to transport cells and dissovled matter. Formed of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets

Question 20

nervous tissue

Answer 20

is specialized for communication by means of electrical and chemical signals. It consists of neurons or nerve celsl and gial cells. (brain, spinal cord, nerves)

Question 21

muscular tissue

Answer 21

contracts when stimulated and thus exert force on other tissues.
3 types:
1- skeletal: long thread like muscle fibres, striated, voluntary
2- smooth: smooth, involuntary, one centrally placed nucleus, (esophgaus, small intestine)
3- cardiac: striated, involuntary, small cells