Time-based Effects

Question 1

What is the difference between “in - line” and using an auxiliary send?

Answer 1

Inline - Effect + Sound on one slider
Aux - Instrument and effect can be edited differently (such as panning)
Biggest difference - one sound versus three

Inline - on a track
Aux - one dry, others wet (preserve

Question 2

Name 3 advantages of using an auxiliary send for effects.

Answer 2

Automate
Separate panning
Send multiple sounds to same effect (save processing power)

Question 3

Why not patch Processing (Compressor/Limiters, Noise Gates, and EQ) using an AUX SEND?

Answer 3

Aux send has dry sound. We don’t want that - only want wet (not half eq’d)

Question 4

Name 3 pieces of equipment that would normally be patched “in-line” and 5 pieces of
equipment where you would use an auxiliary send.

Answer 4

Inline - compressor/limiter, noise gate, eq
Aux - reverb, flanging, delays, chorus, phasing

Question 5

How many milliseconds in one second?

Answer 5

1000

Question 6

What is the threshold in ms. between hearing one sound as opposed to two distinct
sounds when using a Digital Delay?

Answer 6

generally around 30ms esp for vocals and guitars (ear not fast enough to hear slower than 30ms as two distinct sounds)

Question 7

Name the 5 ranges of Delay time as described in class.

Answer 7

Echo - 100ms+ (makes things less clear, but fuller)
Slap - 60-100ms (makes things less clear, but fuller)
Doubling - 30-60s (makes things less clear, but fuller)
Fattening - 1-30 ms (makes things more clear, more present, average listener doesn’t really notice as an effect, generally not put on lead vocal for sound healing. Instruments - sound more beautiful, bg vocals good too)
Phase cancellation - 0-1ms

Question 8

How can you create “tubing” with a digital delay?

Answer 8

<9ms with feedback (<30ms, more pronounced <10ms)

Question 9

What are the three things that are necessary to create a Flange, Chorus, or Phasing
with a Digital Delay?

Answer 9

Short delay
Changing short delay
Feedback

prev:
Flange/chorus/phase - short delay with feedback that is changing

Question 10

What is the difference between flanging & choruses?

Answer 10

Flange - wider range of sweep (between 1 and 9ms ish)
Chorus - 1ms range (1-2 2-3 4-5 etc)

Question 11

What milliseconds do phase shifters sweep between?

Answer 11

0-1, best is 0.1ms

Question 12

What is sweep?

Answer 12

Change in delay (flange, chorus, phase)

Question 13

What do Rate, Speed, and Frequency do on a Flanger?

Answer 13

Relates to time of sweep
Set to time of tempo (hit sync if playing to metronome) or so slow it doesn’t matter

Question 14

What do Width, Depth, and Intensity do on a Flanger?

Answer 14

Range of sweep (how much does it oscillate back and forth)

Question 15

Name 2 settings of a Flange or Chorus other than those in the 2 previous questions.

Answer 15

Feedback (makes effect more intense), delay time (sweep around that delay)

Question 16

What does delay do to the sound of a flange?

Answer 16

Shorter delay time - higher frequency. Longer delay time - lower frequency

Question 17

What is negative feedback?

Answer 17

+/- wires get flipped. Makes sound more hollow/spacey

Question 18

What does Rev. Time do on Reverb?

Answer 18

How long reverb lasts; snare - make sure reverb stops before next hit; faster tempo - shorter reverb time

Question 19

What does Predelay do on Reverb?

Answer 19

Silence before reverb; try between 60 and 100 ms (separates reverb from sound - sound is clearer)

Question 20

What does Diffusion do on Reverb?

Answer 20

Density of echoes (fewer echoes, more defined echo; more echoes, more smooth/sweet); high diffusion for sweeter sound

Question 21

What is Preverb?

Answer 21

Reverb before sound