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DT > Timbers and specialist > Flashcards

Timbers and specialist Flashcards

1
Q

What does FSC stand for?

A

Forestry Stewardship Council

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2
Q

What is a tangential cut used for?

A

Furniture

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3
Q

What is a through and through cut used for?

A

Joinery

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4
Q

What are the advantages of a through and through cut?

A

Cost effective however low quality and warps easily

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5
Q

What are the advantages of a tangential cut?

A

Has an appealing grain and wood is less likely to warp and twist

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6
Q

How much moisture does fresh cut timber contain?

A

50%

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7
Q

How much moisture does outdoor use have?

A

15-20%

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8
Q

How much moisture does indoor use wood have?

A

10-15%

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9
Q

How much moisture does central heated wood have?

A

8-10%

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10
Q

What is seasoning wood?

A

Reducing the moisture content in wood

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11
Q

What is green timber?

A

Newly converted timber

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12
Q

What are the common uses of a baulk cut?

A

Beams in construction of timber framed buildings

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13
Q

What are the uses of a quarter cut?

A

High quality furniture

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14
Q

What is air seasoning?

A

A natural method of drying out green timber

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15
Q

What is kiln seasoning?

A

A relatively quick method of drying out green timber using steam

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16
Q

How long does it take 25mm of timber to be naturally seasoned

A

Around a year

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17
Q

What is felling?

A

Cutting down a tree

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18
Q

What is conversion in woods?

A

The process of sawing a tree trunk into planks

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19
Q

What does MDF stand for?

A

Medium density fibreboard

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20
Q

What is a hardwood?

A

Wood that comes form deciduous trees

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21
Q

What are examples of hardwoods?

A

Ash, Beech, Mahogany, Oak Balsa

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22
Q

What are the properties of Ash?

A

Tough and flexible with wide grained finishes aswell

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23
Q

What are the common uses of Ash?

A

Sports equipment and ladders

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24
Q

What are the properties of Beech?

A

Hard, strong and a close grain
Doesn’t splinter however prone to warping and splitting

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25
Q

What are the common uses of Beech?

A

Children’s toys, furniture, bench tops and workshop tool handles

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26
Q

What are the properties of Mahogany?

A

Strong and durable
Available in wide planks
Easy to work with however can have interlocking grain

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27
Q

What are the common uses of Mahogany?

A

Good quality furniture, paneling and veneers

28
Q

What are the properties of Oak?

A

Hard, tough and durable
Can be finished to a high standard
Open grain

29
Q

What are the common uses of Oak?

A

Timber framed buildings, high quality furniture and flooring

30
Q

What are the properties of Balsa?

A

Strong and durable
Lightweight
Easy to work

31
Q

What are the common uses of Balsa?

A

Model making, floats and rafts

32
Q

What is a softwood?

A

Woods that come from coniferous trees

33
Q

What are the examples of softwoods?

A

Larch, Pine and Spruce

34
Q

What are the properties of Larch?

A

Reddish in colour
Striking grain pattern
Tough yet easy to work with
Naturally rot resistant
Resinous yet prone to splitting

35
Q

What are the common uses of Larch?

A

Fences, fence posts and decking

36
Q

What are the properties of Pine?

A

Straight grained
Light yellow in colour
Soft and easy to work with
Quite knotty

37
Q

What are the common uses of Pine?

A

Interior joinery
Furniture
window frames

38
Q

What are the properties of Spruce?

A

Creamy white in colour
Easy to work with
Small knots
Lightweight and good resonant properties

39
Q

What are the common uses of Spruce?

A

Stringed musical instruments
Bedroom furniture

40
Q

What are the two categories of manufactured boards?

A

Laminated and compressed boards

41
Q

How is a laminated board produced?

A

By gluing large sheets of veneers together

42
Q

How is compressed board produced?

A

By gluing particles, chips or flakes together under pressure

43
Q

What are the advantages of manufactured boards?

A

.Available in much larger sheets than timber
.They have consistent properties throughout the board
.They are more stable than natural timbers meaning they’re less likely to warp, twist and shrink
.They can be faced with a veneer or laminate to improve their aesthetics

44
Q

What is a baulk cut used for?

A

Beams in the construction of timber based buildings

45
Q

What is a quarter cut used for?

A

High quality furniture

46
Q

What is a datum edge?

A

Where you take all of your measurements from to ensure accurate measurements

47
Q

What is rough sawn wood?

A

Timber that has a sawn finish and has just come out of the sawmill

48
Q

What are the advantages of rough sawn

A

It is cheaper, stronger and thicker

49
Q

What is PAR wood?

A

Wood that has been planned to be smoother

50
Q

What are the advantages of PAR?

A

Smoother and more attractive

51
Q

What is a dowel used for?

A

For connecting pieces of wood easily

52
Q

What is an Architrave used for?

A

To frame rectangular openings in home

53
Q

What is skirting used for?

A

Provides a smooth flooring surface and protects water from seeping into gaps between the wall and floor

54
Q

What is steam bending?

A

A method of bending wood by steaming it and cooling it

55
Q

What is laminating (Timbers)?

A

A method of bending wood by slicing it into veneers and gluing them together

56
Q

What is kerfing?

A

Where wood can be bend in a number of even saw cuts (kerfs). Glue is then placed in these kerfs to keep the wood bent into place

57
Q

Which woods are commonly steam bent?

A

Popular hardwoods like Ash, beech and oak

58
Q

Which woods are commonly laminated?

A

Beech and other hardwoods

59
Q

Which woods are commonly kerfed?

A

Poplar, maple and ash

60
Q

What finishes can you add to wood?

A

Paint, hard oil wax, wood dye, sanding sealer, varnish and wax

61
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of paint?

A

Advantages
Change the colour of a material easily

Disadvantages
Time consuming to apply – knots need to be treated, and primer/undercoat need to be applied first.

62
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Hard wax oil?

A

Advantages
It soaks into the oils so it has protection throughout

Disadvantages
Many layers are needed
Needs to be re-coated periodically

63
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Wood dye?

A

Advantages
Enables the colour of the underlying timber to be changed.

Disadvantages
Offers no real protection

64
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Sanding sealer?

A

Advantages
Creates a nice smooth finish, creates a longer lasting sealer

Disadvantages
Multiple layers have to be used and dried in between
Time consuming

65
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Varnish?

A

Advantages
Offers a high degree of protection.

Disadvantages
Difficult to apply – applied by brush and can take a while to dry so needs to be done in a dust free zone. Only protects the surface of the timber.

66
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Wax?

A

Advantages
Soft

Disadvantages
Not very hard wearing

DT (6 decks)

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