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Timbers and specialist Flashcards

1
Q

What does FSC stand for?

A

Forestry Stewardship Council

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2
Q

What is a tangential cut used for?

A

Furniture

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3
Q

What is a through and through cut used for?

A

Joinery

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4
Q

What are the advantages of a through and through cut?

A

Cost effective however low quality and warps easily

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5
Q

What are the advantages of a tangential cut?

A

Has an appealing grain and wood is less likely to warp and twist

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6
Q

How much moisture does fresh cut timber contain?

A

50%

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7
Q

How much moisture does outdoor use have?

A

15-20%

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8
Q

How much moisture does indoor use wood have?

A

10-15%

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9
Q

How much moisture does central heated wood have?

A

8-10%

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10
Q

What is seasoning wood?

A

Reducing the moisture content in wood

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11
Q

What is green timber?

A

Newly converted timber

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12
Q

What are the common uses of a baulk cut?

A

Beams in construction of timber framed buildings

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13
Q

What are the uses of a quarter cut?

A

High quality furniture

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14
Q

What is air seasoning?

A

A natural method of drying out green timber

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15
Q

What is kiln seasoning?

A

A relatively quick method of drying out green timber using steam

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16
Q

How long does it take 25mm of timber to be naturally seasoned

A

Around a year

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17
Q

What is felling?

A

Cutting down a tree

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18
Q

What is conversion in woods?

A

The process of sawing a tree trunk into planks

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19
Q

What does MDF stand for?

A

Medium density fibreboard

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20
Q

What is a hardwood?

A

Wood that comes form deciduous trees

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21
Q

What are examples of hardwoods?

A

Ash, Beech, Mahogany, Oak Balsa

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22
Q

What are the properties of Ash?

A

Tough and flexible with wide grained finishes aswell

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23
Q

What are the common uses of Ash?

A

Sports equipment and ladders

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24
Q

What are the properties of Beech?

A

Hard, strong and a close grain
Doesn’t splinter however prone to warping and splitting

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25
What are the common uses of Beech?
Children's toys, furniture, bench tops and workshop tool handles
26
What are the properties of Mahogany?
Strong and durable Available in wide planks Easy to work with however can have interlocking grain
27
What are the common uses of Mahogany?
Good quality furniture, paneling and veneers
28
What are the properties of Oak?
Hard, tough and durable Can be finished to a high standard Open grain
29
What are the common uses of Oak?
Timber framed buildings, high quality furniture and flooring
30
What are the properties of Balsa?
Strong and durable Lightweight Easy to work
31
What are the common uses of Balsa?
Model making, floats and rafts
32
What is a softwood?
Woods that come from coniferous trees
33
What are the examples of softwoods?
Larch, Pine and Spruce
34
What are the properties of Larch?
Reddish in colour Striking grain pattern Tough yet easy to work with Naturally rot resistant Resinous yet prone to splitting
35
What are the common uses of Larch?
Fences, fence posts and decking
36
What are the properties of Pine?
Straight grained Light yellow in colour Soft and easy to work with Quite knotty
37
What are the common uses of Pine?
Interior joinery Furniture window frames
38
What are the properties of Spruce?
Creamy white in colour Easy to work with Small knots Lightweight and good resonant properties
39
What are the common uses of Spruce?
Stringed musical instruments Bedroom furniture
40
What are the two categories of manufactured boards?
Laminated and compressed boards
41
How is a laminated board produced?
By gluing large sheets of veneers together
42
How is compressed board produced?
By gluing particles, chips or flakes together under pressure
43
What are the advantages of manufactured boards?
.Available in much larger sheets than timber .They have consistent properties throughout the board .They are more stable than natural timbers meaning they're less likely to warp, twist and shrink .They can be faced with a veneer or laminate to improve their aesthetics
44
What is a baulk cut used for?
Beams in the construction of timber based buildings
45
What is a quarter cut used for?
High quality furniture
46
What is a datum edge?
Where you take all of your measurements from to ensure accurate measurements
47
What is rough sawn wood?
Timber that has a sawn finish and has just come out of the sawmill
48
What are the advantages of rough sawn
It is cheaper, stronger and thicker
49
What is PAR wood?
Wood that has been planned to be smoother
50
What are the advantages of PAR?
Smoother and more attractive
51
What is a dowel used for?
For connecting pieces of wood easily
52
What is an Architrave used for?
To frame rectangular openings in home
53
What is skirting used for?
Provides a smooth flooring surface and protects water from seeping into gaps between the wall and floor
54
What is steam bending?
A method of bending wood by steaming it and cooling it
55
What is laminating (Timbers)?
A method of bending wood by slicing it into veneers and gluing them together
56
What is kerfing?
Where wood can be bend in a number of even saw cuts (kerfs). Glue is then placed in these kerfs to keep the wood bent into place
57
Which woods are commonly steam bent?
Popular hardwoods like Ash, beech and oak
58
Which woods are commonly laminated?
Beech and other hardwoods
59
Which woods are commonly kerfed?
Poplar, maple and ash
60
What finishes can you add to wood?
Paint, hard oil wax, wood dye, sanding sealer, varnish and wax
61
What are the advantages and disadvantages of paint?
Advantages Change the colour of a material easily Disadvantages Time consuming to apply – knots need to be treated, and primer/undercoat need to be applied first.
62
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Hard wax oil?
Advantages It soaks into the oils so it has protection throughout Disadvantages Many layers are needed Needs to be re-coated periodically
63
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Wood dye?
Advantages Enables the colour of the underlying timber to be changed. Disadvantages Offers no real protection
64
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Sanding sealer?
Advantages Creates a nice smooth finish, creates a longer lasting sealer Disadvantages Multiple layers have to be used and dried in between Time consuming
65
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Varnish?
Advantages Offers a high degree of protection. Disadvantages Difficult to apply – applied by brush and can take a while to dry so needs to be done in a dust free zone. Only protects the surface of the timber.
66
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Wax?
Advantages Soft Disadvantages Not very hard wearing

DT (6 decks)

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