Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DT > Section 1 > Flashcards

Section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define automation

A

The use of machines to do a task automatically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the advantages of automation?

A

-Robots can increase the speed of production as they can work faster than humans and don’t need to rest
-Robots can work with high accuracy as they complete the same task consistently whereas humans make mistakes
-Robots can be used in dangerous situations that would be unsafe for humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the disadvantages of automation?

A

-Robots can replace human workers meaning there are fewer jobs
-Robots are expensive to buy
-Robots can’t carry out tasks that require human judgement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the point of tracking the location of devices in a factory?

A

-Monitoring stock levels of components and raw materials
-Monitoring the movement of products around the factory
-Monitoring the number of finished products in stock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define FMS

A

Flexible manufacturing systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an FMS?

A

-FMS consists of a set of different machines which carry out different stages of production
-The machines are easy to adapt and it is straightforward and easy to change the system if the design of the product is altered
-These systems are easy to alter if the level of production changes such as extra machines can be added to boost production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is lean manufacturing?

A

-Lean manufacturing aims to minimise the amount of resources used and waste produced
-The aim is to reduce cost and maximise efficiency
-This happens by adopting a JIT system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define JIT

A

Just in time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a Just in time system?

A

Where materials and components are delivered as they’re needed and used as soon as they’re delivered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the advantages of JIT?

A

-It reduces the amount of space needed for storage of materials and finished products
-Less money tied up in materials that aren’t being used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the disadvantages of JIT?

A

The system relies on materials and components being delivered on time and being fault free as there isn’t time to return faulty products. If these don’t happen money is lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does CAD stand for?

A

Computer aided design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is CAD?

A

-It involves using software to design products on a computer
-CAD allows you to make 2D or 3D designs
-Examples are Solidworks, Onshape and 2D Design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does CAM stand for?

A

Computer aided manufacture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is CAM?

A

-The process of manufacturing products with the help of computers
-CAM machines are computer numerically controlled (CNC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are examples of subtraction CAM machines?

A

-Milling machines
-Laser cutters
-CNC routers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are examples of addition CAM machines?

A

3D printers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the advantages to CAD and CAM software?

A

-They save on shipping costs as product designs can be sent electronically
-They save on labour costs as companies can have their products manufactured in one country and designed in another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the drawbacks to CAD and CAM?

A

-Viruses, software problems and file corruption will slow down production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How does CAD software meet the datum edge?

A

-CAD software works out the x/y/z coordinates on each drawing
-The point they meet is the datum edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do CAM machines carry out subtraction on a material?

A

-They remove material from a larger piece to form a product
-They do this by following the coordinates from the CAD software and cutting the material away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How do CAM machines carry out addition on a material?

A

-Layers of material are built up to create the shape of the product
-Using the coordinates from the CAD software

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does it mean that CAM machines are CNC?

A

-They can follow the x,y,z coordinates and move the tools to cut of build on the design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does CNC mean?

A

Computer numerically controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does sustainability mean?

A

Not causing permanent damage to the environment and not using up finite resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is a finite resource?

A

One that will run out eventually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is a non-finite resource?

A

Materials that can be replaced

28
Q

What are the factors that determine the sustainability of the product?

A

-Whether it is biodegradable or recyclable
-Whether that come from finite or non-finite resources
-The processes used to make the product

(Whether the processes use alot of energy and whether it produces alot of waste or pollution)

29
Q

What is a carbon footprint?

A

-The amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere by making/using and eventually reusing, recycling or disposing of something at the end of its lifetime

30
Q

What factors add to a products carbon footprint?

A

-The distance the resources used to the make the finished product and the finished product have to go
-The larger the distance the bigger the carbon footprint

-The emissions that occur during its manufacture and during its reuse, recycle or disposal

31
Q

What happens if a company has a larger carbon footprint?

A

The more the company contributes to global warming

32
Q

What is planned obsolescence?

A

When a product is designed to become obsolete(Useless) quickly

(Have a short life span)

33
Q

What are some examples of products designed for planned obsolescence?

A

-Disposable razors
-Single use spoons

34
Q

What is design for maintenance?

A

When a product is designed to last as it can be maintained, repaired and replaced

35
Q

What is design for disassembly?

A

When a new product is designed it can be easily taken apart at the end of its life to allow the parts and materials to be recycled

36
Q

What are examples of products that have been designed for maintenance?

A

-Most household appliances

37
Q

What can designers do to minimise the environmental impact when making a product?

A

-Avoid using environmentally damaging chemicals
-Improve the energy efficiency of manufacturing processes
-Using more renewable and or biodegradable resources
-Avoid using materials that are produced from unsustainable sources

38
Q

What are the 4 stages of the LCA (Life cycle assessment)?

A

Choice of material
Manufacture
Using the product
Product disposal

39
Q

What is the purpose of a life cycle assessment?

A

To work out the potential environmental impact of a product

40
Q

Why is choosing a material important before making a product?

A

-Ensuring you don’t damage the environment by:

-For example not felling hardwoods that come from natural rainforests as it destroys habitats

-Being aware that plastics are made from crude oil which is a finite resource and mining/extracting metals uses alot of energy which can cause pollution

41
Q

Why do you need to be careful when manufacturing a product?

A

-As it can use alot of energy and some resources cause pollution

-You also need to be aware of waste and how you dispose of it

42
Q

Why do you need to be aware of the use of the product when designing it?

A

As using a product may damage the environment such as electrical products which use electricity by burning fossil fuels which is bad for the environment

43
Q

Why do you need to be are of product disposal before you manufacture it?

A

As products could be disposed on landfill sites which takes up space and pollutes land or water

44
Q

What are the 6 Rs when designing a product?

A

-Repair - Don’t throw things away, fix them

-Recycle - Recycling uses less energy than obtaining new materials

-Re-use - Customers can extend the life of a product by reusing it

-Rethink - Think about the design carefully in an attempting of designing it in a different way

-Reduce - Make products long lasting and durable reduces the amount of products a customer needs to buy

-Refuse- Refuse to buy a product if it’s wasteful

45
Q

What do firms do to make sure they have safe working conditions?

A

-Provide workers with safe working equipment
-Provide workers with training on how to use the equipment
-Legal controls on the use of certain harmful chemicals

46
Q

What is enterprise?

A

Identifying new business opportunities and taking advantages of them

For example starting up a new business or helping an existing one expand

47
Q

What is innovation?

A

When an entrepreneur or business comes up with something new

48
Q

What is crowdfunding?

A

-Crowdfunding involves using websites to promote an idea to a huge number of people
-People who choose to then invest are called backers who often get a reward for their investment such as a discount code or free gift

49
Q

What is virtual marketing and virtual retail?

A

Marketing is the promotion of a product or service and retail is the selling of products. Virtual retail and marketing is doing this online

50
Q

What is a co-operative?

A

A type of business that is owned and ran by its members
-The members can make decisions on how the profits are shared out and how the business is run

51
Q

What is fairtrade?

A

Ensuring that farmers are paid a fair price for their work

52
Q

What is market pull?

A

Where designers design stuff to satisfy the wants and needs of customers to satisfy customer demand

53
Q

What is technology push?

A

Where research and development departments are coming up with new technologies, materials and manufacturing techniques to improve old designs or to design new products

By either making a product function better, look better, be more efficient all making it more desirable

54
Q

Why is it important that you take into account people’s culture when designing a product?

A

-You have to make sure you don’t isolate or offend anyone for political, religious, gender or cultural reasons

55
Q

What are the advantages of using fossil fuels?

A

-They are reliable
-Running costs at the moment is low so they’re cost effective

56
Q

What are the disadvantages of using fossil fuels?

A

-They’re finite resources
-The extraction of fossil fuels has social and environmental impacts
-They release greenhouse gases which causes environmental problems

57
Q

How do fossil fuel power stations work?

A

-Power stations burn fossil fuels to produce heat
-This heats water which creates steam
-The steam drives a turbine which turns a generator which generates electricity

58
Q

How do nuclear power stations work?

A

In the a similar way regular fossil fuel power stations work however uses nuclear fission to produce heat

59
Q

What are the advantages of nuclear power?

A

-Reliable
-Quite cheap
-Produces low level greenhouse gases

60
Q

What are the disadvantages of nuclear power?

A

-Uranium is a finite resource
-Nuclear power costs alot to build, maintain and decommission
-The waste is difficult to dispose of due to it being dangerous as it is radioactive
-There is a risk of a major catastrophe

61
Q

What are the finite ways to generate electricity?

A

Coal
Oil
Gas
Nuclear

62
Q

What are the non finite ways to generate electricity?

A

-Wind
-Solar
-Tidal barrages
-Hydro electric power
-Biomass

63
Q

What are the advantages of using non finite resources to generate electricity?

A

-Have a smaller environmental impact
-After initial setup cost it can be quite cheap

64
Q

What are the disadvantages of using non finite resources to generate electrcicity?

A

-Initial set up costs are high
-Some rely on external factors which are unreliable
-Some look ugly
-Some may have a big impact on the environment like valleys are flooded for hydroelectric power

65
Q

What are the features of alkaline batteries?

A

-Usually disposable
-Recyclable and can last a long time
-Little environmental impact as they don’t leak
-Typically used for toys, clocks and remote controls

66
Q

What are the features of rechargeable batteries?

A

-Can be charged so it can work again
-More expensive however can be used multiple times making them cheaper in the long run
-More environmentally friendly than alkaline batteries as they can be used more than once
-Built in some products like phones, laptops and electric cars

DT (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions