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A Level DT > Timbers > Flashcards

Timbers Flashcards

1
Q

What is a hardwood tree?

A

a tree that grows slowly and in warmer climates

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2
Q

What is a softwood tree?

A

a tree that grows fast and in cooler climates

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3
Q

What is a coniferous tree?

A

a tree that is evergreen, cone shaped and has needle like leaves

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4
Q

What is a deciduous tree?

A

a tree that looses its leaves usually in autumn

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5
Q

Name 7 hardwoods?

A

ash
beech
mahogany
oak
balsa
Birch
Teak

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6
Q

Properties of ash?

A

tough, absorbs well, flexible, wide grained, finishes well

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7
Q

Uses of ash?

A

sports equipment, ladders

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8
Q

Key property of beech?

A

can be bent using steam

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9
Q

Uses of beech?

A

Chairs and toys

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10
Q

Properties of mahogany?

A

strong and durable
available in wide planks
fairly easy to work

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11
Q

Uses of mahogany?

A

good quality furniture

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12
Q

Properties of oak?

A

hard, tough, durable, open grain, high standard finish

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13
Q

Uses of oak?

A

timber framed buildings, flooring, high quality furniture

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14
Q

Properties of balsa?

A

-High strength-to weight-ratio
-Soft
-Low density

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15
Q

Uses of balsa?

A

model making, floats, rafts

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16
Q

Name 5 softwoods?

A

larch, pine, spruce, cedar, Douglas fir

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17
Q

Properties of larch?

A

harder, tougher and more durable than most softwoods. Resistant to rot.

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18
Q

Uses of larch?

A

fencing, fence posts, decking

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19
Q

Properties of pine?

A

Strong, knotty-makes it harder to work with.

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20
Q

Uses of pine?

A

-interior joinery
-cheap furniture
-window frames
-telegraph poles

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21
Q

Properties of spruce?

A

hard, lightweight, easy to work with small knots and good resonant properties

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22
Q

Uses of spruce?

A

bedroom furniture and stringed instruments

23
Q

What are the two categories for manufactured boards?

A

laminated boards and compressed boards

24
Q

What are laminated boards?

A

large sheets or veneers glued together

25
Q

What is a compressed board?

A

Particles, chips or flakes of wood glued together under pressure.

26
Q

What are some advantages of manufactured boards?

A
  • large sheets
  • consistent throughout
  • more stable than timber
  • make use of low grade timber-environmental benefits
27
Q

Give five examples of manufactured boards?

A

MDF, plywood, chipboard, marine plywood, aeroply, flexible plywood

28
Q

Properties of MDF?

A

smooth surface, compressed fibres of wood combined with a synthetic adhesive, porous-can be damaged by moisture

29
Q

Uses of MDF?

A

Shelves and flat-pack furniture

30
Q

Properties of Plywood?

A

Several layers of softwood or hardwood glued together with their grains at right angles to one another, very strong, hard to bend.

31
Q

Uses of Plywood?

A

building and furniture

32
Q

Properties of chipboard?

A

made by compressing wood chips, shavings and sawdust together with glue usually with a veneered surface. Not very strong, absorbent-easily damaged by moisture.

33
Q

Uses of Chipboard?

A

cheap self-assembly furniture

34
Q

Properties of Douglas Fir?

A

Good corrosion resistance
Few knots

35
Q

Uses of Douglas fir?

A

Joinery
Construction work
Veneers

36
Q

Properties of Cedar?

A

Good sound damping
Good moisture resistance
Hard and tough

37
Q

Uses of cedar?

A

Cladding, decking, fencing

38
Q

Properties of teak?

A

Natural oils which resist moisture, acids and alkalis

39
Q

Uses of teak?

A

Outdoor furniture

40
Q

Properties of birch?

A

Resists warping
Hard

41
Q

Uses of birch?

A

Furniture
Veneers for plywood

42
Q

What is marine plywood and what are its uses?

A

A special type of plywood with no gaps and uses water resistant glue. Used in boat panelling and dashboards

43
Q

What is aeroply and what are its uses?

A

Plywood made from higher quality timber (such as birch)
Used in laminated furniture

44
Q

What is flexible plywood and what are its uses?

A

Two outer layers are made from open grain timber, allowing flex. Used for curved panels

45
Q

What are the two types of seasoning?

A

Air and Kiln

46
Q

Explain air seasoning

A

-The wood is stacked under a shelter, protected from rain
-Air circulates between the planks to slowly remove excess moisture
-Used for outdoor products as it’s seasoned to match the humidity of the surroundings

47
Q

Explain kiln seasoning

A

-Planks are stacked and placed in a kiln
-The kiln atmosphere is changed to become hotter and drier to draw out the moisture
-Wood has a lower moisture content so is used for interior products

48
Q

What are the advantages of seasoning?

A

Greater resistance to rot and decay
Increased strength and stability
Makes wood less corrosive to metals

49
Q

What is dry rot?

A

Caused by incorrect seasoning or poor building maintenance

50
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of kiln seasoning compared to air?

A

-Quicker
-Moisture can be controlled better
-More expensive
-Ideal for interior use wood

51
Q

What is rough sawn stock form?

A

The wood comes directly from seasoning and has rough surfaces produced during initial conversion

52
Q

What is planned square edge stock form?

A

Edges are not rounded in any way. PSE has each edge planned perfectly straight

53
Q

What is planned all round stock form?

A

PAR wood has sides and edges that are all planned straight and level

A Level DT (16 decks)

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