Timbers

Question 1

What is a hardwood tree?

Answer 1

a tree that grows slowly and in warmer climates

Question 2

What is a softwood tree?

Answer 2

a tree that grows fast and in cooler climates

Question 3

What is a coniferous tree?

Answer 3

a tree that is evergreen, cone shaped and has needle like leaves

Question 4

What is a deciduous tree?

Answer 4

a tree that looses its leaves usually in autumn

Question 5

Name 7 hardwoods?

Answer 5

ash
beech
mahogany
oak
balsa
Birch
Teak

Question 6

Properties of ash?

Answer 6

tough, absorbs well, flexible, wide grained, finishes well

Question 7

Uses of ash?

Answer 7

sports equipment, ladders

Question 8

Key property of beech?

Answer 8

can be bent using steam

Question 9

Uses of beech?

Answer 9

Chairs and toys

Question 10

Properties of mahogany?

Answer 10

strong and durable
available in wide planks
fairly easy to work

Question 11

Uses of mahogany?

Answer 11

good quality furniture

Question 12

Properties of oak?

Answer 12

hard, tough, durable, open grain, high standard finish

Question 13

Uses of oak?

Answer 13

timber framed buildings, flooring, high quality furniture

Question 14

Properties of balsa?

Answer 14

-High strength-to weight-ratio
-Soft
-Low density

Question 15

Uses of balsa?

Answer 15

model making, floats, rafts

Question 16

Name 5 softwoods?

Answer 16

larch, pine, spruce, cedar, Douglas fir

Question 17

Properties of larch?

Answer 17

harder, tougher and more durable than most softwoods. Resistant to rot.

Question 18

Uses of larch?

Answer 18

fencing, fence posts, decking

Question 19

Properties of pine?

Answer 19

Strong, knotty-makes it harder to work with.

Question 20

Uses of pine?

Answer 20

-interior joinery
-cheap furniture
-window frames
-telegraph poles

Question 21

Properties of spruce?

Answer 21

hard, lightweight, easy to work with small knots and good resonant properties

Question 22

Uses of spruce?

Answer 22

bedroom furniture and stringed instruments

Question 23

What are the two categories for manufactured boards?

Answer 23

laminated boards and compressed boards

Question 24

What are laminated boards?

Answer 24

large sheets or veneers glued together

Question 25

What is a compressed board?

Answer 25

Particles, chips or flakes of wood glued together under pressure.

Question 26

What are some advantages of manufactured boards?

Answer 26

- large sheets - consistent throughout - more stable than timber - make use of low grade timber-environmental benefits

Question 27

Give five examples of manufactured boards?

Answer 27

MDF, plywood, chipboard, marine plywood, aeroply, flexible plywood

Question 28

Properties of MDF?

Answer 28

smooth surface, compressed fibres of wood combined with a synthetic adhesive, porous-can be damaged by moisture

Question 29

Uses of MDF?

Answer 29

Shelves and flat-pack furniture

Question 30

Properties of Plywood?

Answer 30

Several layers of softwood or hardwood glued together with their grains at right angles to one another, very strong, hard to bend.

Question 31

Uses of Plywood?

Answer 31

building and furniture

Question 32

Properties of chipboard?

Answer 32

made by compressing wood chips, shavings and sawdust together with glue usually with a veneered surface. Not very strong, absorbent-easily damaged by moisture.

Question 33

Uses of Chipboard?

Answer 33

cheap self-assembly furniture

Question 34

Properties of Douglas Fir?

Answer 34

Good corrosion resistance Few knots

Question 35

Uses of Douglas fir?

Answer 35

Joinery Construction work Veneers

Question 36

Properties of Cedar?

Answer 36

Good sound damping Good moisture resistance Hard and tough

Question 37

Uses of cedar?

Answer 37

Cladding, decking, fencing

Question 38

Properties of teak?

Answer 38

Natural oils which resist moisture, acids and alkalis

Question 39

Uses of teak?

Answer 39

Outdoor furniture

Question 40

Properties of birch?

Answer 40

Resists warping Hard

Question 41

Uses of birch?

Answer 41

Furniture Veneers for plywood

Question 42

What is marine plywood and what are its uses?

Answer 42

A special type of plywood with no gaps and uses water resistant glue. Used in boat panelling and dashboards

Question 43

What is aeroply and what are its uses?

Answer 43

Plywood made from higher quality timber (such as birch) Used in laminated furniture

Question 44

What is flexible plywood and what are its uses?

Answer 44

Two outer layers are made from open grain timber, allowing flex. Used for curved panels

Question 45

What are the two types of seasoning?

Answer 45

Air and Kiln

Question 46

Explain air seasoning

Answer 46

-The wood is stacked under a shelter, protected from rain -Air circulates between the planks to slowly remove excess moisture -Used for outdoor products as it’s seasoned to match the humidity of the surroundings

Question 47

Explain kiln seasoning

Answer 47

-Planks are stacked and placed in a kiln -The kiln atmosphere is changed to become hotter and drier to draw out the moisture -Wood has a lower moisture content so is used for interior products

Question 48

What are the advantages of seasoning?

Answer 48

Greater resistance to rot and decay Increased strength and stability Makes wood less corrosive to metals

Question 49

What is dry rot?

Answer 49

Caused by incorrect seasoning or poor building maintenance

Question 50

What are the advantages and disadvantages of kiln seasoning compared to air?

Answer 50

-Quicker -Moisture can be controlled better -More expensive -Ideal for interior use wood

Question 51

What is rough sawn stock form?

Answer 51

The wood comes directly from seasoning and has rough surfaces produced during initial conversion

Question 52

What is planned square edge stock form?

Answer 52

Edges are not rounded in any way. PSE has each edge planned perfectly straight

Question 53

What is planned all round stock form?

Answer 53

PAR wood has sides and edges that are all planned straight and level