TIG053 Acquisition Flashcards
Do children learn from imitation input from home?
In early stages of the child’s language production, there is evidence that imitation of input from the home (parents, siblings, etc.) provides support for their learning.
This explanation decreases as time progresses.
Care-Giver Speech is used.
Care-Giver Speech
Offers a simplified model.
The design of CGS is helpful to position the acquiring child as a social being.
Characteristics:
- Simplified Lexical Items (Repetead C-V-C patterns)
- Simple Sentence Structure
- Significant Repitition (Overly Cohesive)
- Exaggerated Intonation (Questions) and Louder Speech Production
- A lot of questions
- Mock Turn-Taking (Responding to the child’s actions as if replies)
Cooing
First Stage.
3-4 Months
- [i] and [u] vowel sounds appear
- Soon the child can articulate some consonant sounds (ex. [k])
Babbling
Second Stage.
6-8 Months.
- Combination of repeated Consonant-Vowel sounds
Ex. “Baba”, “Mama”
One-Word Stage
Third stage. Holophrastic Stage.
12-18 Months.
- The child starts referring and naming things with one form.
Ex. “Cup”, “Spoon”, “Dog”
Even if the signified point to is more complex than “one part”.
Developing semantics leads to Overextension.
Two-Word Stage
Fourth Stage.
Approx 18 Months.
- The child can relate two things to each other, though these are highly context-dependent
Ex. “Dog bad”, “Mummy eat”
Telegraphic Speech
Fifth Stage.
Approx 24-30 Months.
- The child can relate several things to each other in more complex ways
- This is aided by some prepositions and correct word order.
Ex. “Daddy go out”, “Dog all wet”
Overgeneralisation
Regards to developing Syntax.
After the Telegraphic Stage (2.5 yeats).
- The child begins using inflectional morphemes on verbs and nouns
Ex. Product tense, aspect, count, distinctions, etc.
In developing the morphological aspects of their grammar the child will over-generalise these rules
Ex. “-s” for plurals and “-ed” for past tense.
- This leads to words like “sheeps” and “goed”
Similair things for possesive markings, third-person singular etc.
The child will move back and forth between standard and non-stand use of regulars until about 4 years of age.
When does the child begin using inflection morphemes on verbs and nouns?
After the Telegraphic Speech Stage, at around 2.5 years old.
This is characterised by over-generalisation.
Will the child immediately respond to being corrected in regard to Over-Generalisation?
No.
The child will move back and forth between standard and non-stand use of regulars until about 4 years of age.
During what stage(s) will the childs speech be characterised by Overextension?
Leading up to and during the Holophrastic Stage (One-Word Stage, 12-18 Months).
This is while the child is developing its Semantics.
Overextension
When a word is used to refer to more objects than is usual in the language.
Leading up to and during the Holophrastic Stage (One-Word Stage, 12-18 Months).
This is while the child is developing its Semantics.
Ex. “Ball” used to refer to the “moon”
