Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Parasitology > Ticks As Parasites > Flashcards

Ticks As Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

Hard ticks

A

Have a chitinous scutum
Larvae 6 legs
Adults 8 legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hard tick species

A 
Ixodes
Haemaphysalis
Dermacentor
Amblyomma
Boophilus
Hyalomma
Rhipicephalus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Soft tick species

A

Argas
Otobius
Ornithodoros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Soft ticks

A

Ticks without a chitinous scutum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ornate ticks

A

Coloured enamel like patterns on their scutum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Inornate ticks

A

Ticks with ni patterns on their scutum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Festoons

A

Notches on the posterior part of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Eyes found

A

If present on the margin of the scutum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ixodes ricinus

VECTOR!!!

A 
Inornate
No eyes or festoons
Cause anaemia
Infected lesions caused by toothed mouthparts
Hide/pelt dam
Transmit dis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

I canisuga

British dog tick

A

Cause pruritus hair losss and anaemia in heavy infestations

Survive in crevices in kennels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

I hexagonous

A

Hedgehod tick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

I holocyclus

A

Aussie paralysis tick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

I rubicundus

A

S africa paralysis tick

Toxin causes ascending motor paralysis in man and aninals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

I scapularis

A

N american shoulder tick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Haemaphysalis - 3 host ticks

A

Inirtnate
No eyes
Have festoons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

H punctata

VECTOR!!!

A

Transmit babesia major and motasi and non pathogenic theileria in cattle and theileria ovis in sheep
In other countries transmit babesia bigemina (cow) anaplasma marginale (sheep) anaplasma centrale (cow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

H leachi
Yellow dog tick in africa and asia
VECTOR!!!

A

Transmit babesia canis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

H longicornis

A

Cattle tick

Australasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dermacentor ticks

A

Mostly 3 host ticks
1/2 yr pop cycle
Ornate
Have eyes and festoons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

D reticulatus

VECTOR!!!

A

Transmit babesiosis in horses and dogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

D andersoni

A

N america

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

D variabilis

VECTOR!!

A

N america
Transmit anaplasma marginale in cattle and rocky mountain spotted fever to man
Cause tick paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

D nitens

VECTOR!!!

A

One host tick

Transmit equine babesiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Amblyomma tocks

A 
3 host ticks
Large ornate
Have eyes and festoons
Legs have bands of colour
Long mouthparts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

A variagatum

A 
Bont tick africa
Large tick 
Long mouthparts
Deep painful bite can become 2o infected
Red weight gain in cattle
Tick paralysis
Transmission of heartwater nairobi sheep dis and Q fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A hebraeum

VECTOR!!!

A

Bont tick africa

Transmit heartwater in cattle

27
Q

A americanun

VECTOR!!!

A

Lone star tick N america

Transmit Q fever tularaemia and rocky mountain spotted fever

28
Q

A maculatum

A

Gulf coast tick
N america
Damage to ears of cattle
Predisposing to screw worm myiasis

29
Q

A cajennense

A

S america

Painful bites by long mouthparts

30
Q

Boophilus ticks

A

Have eyes
No festoons
One host tick

31
Q

B microplus

A

Worldwide except eu

32
Q

B annulatus

A

America and africa

33
Q

B decoloratus

VECTOR!!!

A

Africa
Babesia vector
Anaplasma marginale vector

34
Q

Hyalomma ticks

A 
2&3 host ticks
Inornate
Have eyes
Sometimes have festoons
Banded legs 
Long mouthparts
35
Q

Hy marginatum and dendriticum

A

S eu and africa

36
Q

Hu truncatum

A

Africa
Vector of babesia, theileria and rickettsia
Tick toxicosis

37
Q

Rhipicephalus ticks

A

Inornate

Have eyes and festoons

38
Q

R appendiculatus
Brown ear tick
VECTOR!!!

A

Africa
Vector of east coast fever and babesia bigemina and nairobi sheep disease
3 host tick

39
Q

R evertsi
Res legged tick
VECTOR!!!

A

2 host

Transmit babesia bigemina and equi

40
Q

R sanguineus

Brown dog tick

A

Transmit babesia canis and ehrlichia canis
Cause tick paralysis in dogs
Transmit other protozoal viral and reickettsial infections
3 host

41
Q

Tick enviro

A

Humidity of micro enviro off host is key
Most active during warm season
Conditions in micro habitat of free living governed by rainfall mainly but also affected by plant transpiration herbage density and type
Housing give unique microhabitats for tocks eg in bedding or crevices

42
Q

3 host tick lifecycle

A

Detach after feeding and drop from host moult and then wait for new host so spend most of cycle in enviro

43
Q

2 hist tick lifecycle

A

Remain on hist and moult to become nymphs and feed on same host then drop into enviro and moult to adults then find a new host

44
Q

1 host tick lifecycle

A

Ramain on same hist
Engirged female drop to ground and seek suitable egg laying enviro
Adult males remain on host for longer before dying

45
Q

Tick treatment options

A

Organophosphates
Pyrethroids
Macrocyclic lactone endectocide injection
Acaricides applied to particular parts of animals (but many ticks and larvae are in innaccesable part of body where acaticide wont gey to them)
Repeated acaticide treatment is required and periods of tick activity arent clearly enough defined to allow strategic treatment, also toxic leaving residues in milk and meat and causing enviro pollution. Expensive in deving countries
Res is emerging

46
Q

Argas ticks
Fowl tocks
VECTOR!!!

A

One larval and 2 numph stages involved live in cracks in poultry hius suck blood from poultry at night about once a month live several yrs
A persicus
Domestic poultry cause irritation anaemia loss of prod
Transmit borelia anseeria and rickettsia
A reflexus
Pigeons

47
Q

Otobius ticks

A

O megnini
Spine nose ear tick america india asia africa
Mainly ibfect dogs ears but can other hosts
Eggs in crevices and around feed troughs
Only larvae and nymphs parasitic remain on same host for months at a time

48
Q

Ornithodoros

Sand tampans

A

Live under sand in primitive housing or in shaded areas around trees
Only nymphs and adults parasitic
Feed for short time periods
Cause irritation and anaemia
O moubata africa
Reservoir for african swine fever and relapsing fever in man
O savignyi africa
O turicata america
Vector of Q fever and cause tock paralysis

49
Q

Soft tock feeding

A

Freq feed on diff hosts

50
Q

Feeding via hypostome

A

Scissor action of digits on chelicerae lacerates skin
Thrust hypostome through
Lock curved teeth of hypostom onto tissues
Hypostome forms a groove through which saliva cont proteases anticoags imm suppressants anaesthetic amd toxins also pathogens and lipopro glue pass and blood meal pass back up the groove

51
Q

Bio transmission

A

Pathogen survives and or dev within parasite and moves from gut to mouthparts for transmission

52
Q

Tran stadial transmission

A

Pathogen gets from one host to another by entering feeding tick larvae or nymph and surviving to adult or nymph that will feed on another host

53
Q

Trans ovarial transmission

A

Pathogen passes from infected female to her eggs then larvae

Esp important in one host ticks

54
Q

Infection reservoirs

A

Afapted for long survival periods between feeds and tick borne pathogens survive these periods from one transmission opportunity to the next
Vertebrate hosts act as carriers infecting more ticks

55
Q

Ticks in UK livestock dis spread

A

12 spp in uk
Heavy burdens cause irritation and anaemia
Ixodes ricinus most important vector
D reticulatus and haem punctata in s england and wales

56
Q

Tick feeding activity optimums

A

Over 85% humidity and over 7 degrees c
Most tick birne dis see in western upland uk
Problems in forested areas of s england
Suitable microhabitat around ditches and conservation areas on lowground farms
Influences of climate change, red sheep no, enviro scheme

57
Q

I ricinus behaviour

A 
Feed for 28d in 3 yr life
Non feeding stages req high humidity eg dense veg mat and mod-high rainfall
Quest meal above 10 degrees c 
Die after no feed for 4-6 wk
1 yr interval between feeds
Spring/summer and summer/autumn pops
58
Q

Tick attachment sites

A

Head
Neck
Groin
Axillae

59
Q

Speing feeding i ricinus

A

Most quest in spring
Eggs hatch in autumn and larvae and nymphs moult at same time
Over winter in unengorged state
Quest when mean day night temp is over 10degrees c

60
Q

Autumn feeding i ricinus

A

Incr common in uk
Eggs hatch in summer and larvae and nymphs moult at same time
Overwinter in engorged condition
Questing ends when mean daynight temp over 10 degrees c

61
Q

Questing during summer

A

Not usually as temp is high and humidity os low

62
Q

Why tick infestation of uk livestock is a current concern

A

Geographical distrib is changing due to climate change
Sheep farming economics and enviro and biodiversity management policies relating to habitat
Risk of importation of hitherto exotic ticks and vector borne dis or endemic ticks carrying exotic dis risk incr as more freedom of international movement
Due to public access of countryside increased and more people doing rural leisure activities the risk of zoonotic trans due to ticks not being host spec is incr

63
Q

Control of tick habitats

A

Now uneconomic
List of acaricides available is dwindling
Also res is developing

64
Q

Rosk of exotic ticks and vector borne dis importation due to

A

Tock treatment no longer req by PETS
Lead to r sanguineus rep in UK eg household dogs brought home from holiday in france can bring back large infestations of dogs and other visiting dogs
Transmit babesia canis and ehrlichia canis

Parasitology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions