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Infection & Immunology > Thyroiditis > Flashcards

Thyroiditis Flashcards

1
Q

Define Thyroiditis?

A

Inflammation of the thyroid gland

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the UK?

A

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

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3
Q

What is Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis?

A

An autoimmune condition

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4
Q

What are some of the other types of Thyroiditis?

A 
De Quervain's Thyroiditis
Postpartum Thyroiditis
Drug-Induced Thyroiditis
Acute or infectious Thyroiditis
Riedel's Thyroiditis
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5
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis?

A

Aggressive destruction of thyroid cells by the immune system

Environmental triggers have been hypothesised (e.g. smoking, infection)

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6
Q

What is the epidemiology of Thyroiditis?

A

15-20 x more common in WOMEN

Usually occurs in 30-50 yrs

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7
Q

What are the presenting symptoms and signs of Thyroiditis?

A

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

Symptoms caused by rapid enlargement of the thyroid gland

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?

A 
Fatigue 
Constipation
Dry Skin
Weight Gain
Cold Intolerance 
Menstrual Irregularities 
Depression
Hair Loss
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9
Q

What are the symptoms caused by rapid enlargement of the thyroid gland?

A

Dyspnoea
Dysphagia
Tenderness

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10
Q

How do you decide what investigations to do for Thyroiditis?

A

Based on clinical observations

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11
Q

What investigations do you do for Thyroiditis?

A 
Histology
TSH
Antibodies 
Thyroid US 
Radionuclide Isotope Scanning
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12
Q

How do we investigate Histology for Thyroiditis?

A

Diffuse lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration with formation of lymphoid follicles

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13
Q

What would TSH levels be for Thyroiditis?

A

Raised

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14
Q

What antibodies would you look for in Thyroiditis?

A

Anti-TPO Antibodies

Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies

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15
Q

What is the pharmacological management plan for Thyroiditis?

A

Thyroid Hormone Replacement - Oral Levothyroxine Sodium

Titrate dose based on patient’s needs

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16
Q

What is the surgical management plan for Thyroiditis?

A

Considered if there is a large goitre that is causing symptoms due to compression of surrounding structures or if there is a malignant nodule

17
Q

What are the possible complications of Thyroiditis?

A

Thyroid hormone over-replacement leads to bone loss and tachycardia
Hyperlipidaemia
Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy
Myxoedema Coma

18
Q

What is the prognosis for patients with Thyroiditis?

A

GOOD prognosis with early diagnosis and levothyroxine replacement

Infection & Immunology (40 decks)

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