THYREOPHORA

Question 1

characteristics of all thyreophora

Answer 1

shield bearing group

1+ row of armour plates in skin/alongside vertebral column

Question 2

Primitive Thyreophora

Answer 2

both bipedal and quadrapedal

have body armours but no other KEN

eg Scutellosaurus, Scelidosaurus

Question 3

Stegosauria characteristics (5)

Answer 3

medium-large in size

small heads (more advanced had flat heads)

short massive forelimbs

short feet with hooved toes

vertical bony plates (1 or 2 rows), tail spikes

Question 4

Stegosaurus

Answer 4

two rows, offset plates

two pairs of spikes in tail

toothless beak

leaf shaped teeth (NO DENTAL BATTERY)

tiny brain cavity

Question 5

Ankylosauria characteristics (7)

Answer 5

“fused lizard” - rod of fused vertebrae in back

small, triangular shaped head

low skull

closed fenestra

added dermal bones

broadly arched ribs and hip girdle (base of armour)

shield of small round/square plates

Question 6

Nodosaurindae

Answer 6

narrow skulls

lack additional armous

numerous SPINES

eg Edmontonia

Question 7

Ankylosauridae (5)

Answer 7

wide skulls, triangular bony horns

wider beaks

few/no spines

last few tail vertebrae braced with ossified tendons (tail club)

COMPLEX NASAL PASSAGE

Question 8

What do ankylosaurs and stegosaurs have in common (6)

Answer 8

med-large

hooved feet

horny beaks

small head

leaf shaped non interlocking teeth

osteoderms (armour plates)