Thunderstrorms SHITER

Question 1

S

Answer 1

Squalls (a line of thunderstorms)

Question 2

H

Answer 2

Hail

Question 3

I

Answer 3

Icing

Question 4

T

Answer 4

Turbulence

Question 5

E

Answer 5

Electricity effect

Question 6

R

Answer 6

Rapid pressure changes

Question 7

3 requirements of thunderstorms

Answer 7

Instability
Moisture
Trigger

Question 8

(Types of thunderstorm)

Thermal

Answer 8

Cold air coming over warm air

Question 9

(Types of thunderstorm)

air mass thunderstorms

Answer 9

Warmer underneath cold creates instability

Question 10

Frontal thunderstorms

Answer 10

Cold air comes and pushes warm air up.

Question 11

Squall line thunderstorms

Answer 11

100’s of miles long

Ahead of cold fronts

Question 12

Orographic

Answer 12

Pushes cold air up over mountain

Question 13

Stages of a thunderstorm

Building

Answer 13

Updraughts only
Vertical speed 60 knots
15-30 mins
No precipitation

Question 14

Stages of a thunderstorm

Mature

Answer 14

Onset of precipitation
Up to 30 mins
Lightning at +10⚫️C to -10⚫️C
May create micro/macro bursts

Question 15

Generally with updraughts and downdraughts you…

Answer 15

Don’t want to fly through them

Question 16

Stages of a thunderstorm

Dissipating

Answer 16

Multi cell - tornado, roll cloud

Question 17

Mesoscale convective areas

Answer 17

Clusters of CUCB
Form an equatorial trough
100-1000km
1-2days

Question 18

Anvil points in the

Answer 18

Direction of the storm

Question 19

Gust front

Answer 19

Can spread up to 15nm ahead of storm cell.

Question 20

Microburst?

Answer 20

5 mins
No wider than 4Km in diameter.
Wind shear - that sudden wind being pushed down.
Dry microburst= can’t see
Wet microburst =can see

Question 21

Hazard areas of hail

Answer 21

Tropopause 80%
Fl200 above 60%
Below FL100 between 60 and 25%

Question 22

Lightning. Electrostatic energy within atmosphere varies from from

Answer 22

200kv to 500kv between ionosphere and earths surface.

Depending on intensity can damage aircraft.

Question 23

Electrostatic air can caus Stages of a thunderstorm instrument error

Answer 23

Magnetic compass may point to storm instead

Question 24

Tornadoes

Answer 24

Severe local storms
20-40 kts
Up to 30mijs
100-150 nam wide

Question 25

Water spout

Answer 25

Water version of tornadoes

Question 26

Dust devils

Answer 26

10-60ft wide

Question 27

Radar returns. Signal reflects:

Answer 27

Wet hail, rain, hail, wet snow, dry hail, dry snow.

Question 28

How far should I go to avoid thunderstorms?

Answer 28

10nm at low flight levels

20nm upper flight levels