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Pharmacology > Thrombolytics and Anti-hypertensives > Flashcards

Thrombolytics and Anti-hypertensives Flashcards

1
Q

What are the classes of thrombolytics? (EXAMPLES OF THEM)

A

Alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase
Urokinase
Streptokinase

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2
Q

What is the source of Alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase?

A

Recombinant DNA

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3
Q

What is the source of Urokinase?

A

Cultured human kidney cell

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4
Q

Alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase NOTES.

A

More selective for fibrin-bound (clot-related) plasmin; mimics endogenous PAF

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5
Q

Urokinase notes

A

Less selective for fibrin-bound plasmin

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6
Q

What is the source of Streptokinase?

A

Streptococcus

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7
Q

What are the notes for streptokinase?

A

Less selective for fibrin-bound plasmin

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8
Q

When do we use thrombolytics?

A

emergency situations of ischemic myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke

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9
Q

What is the antidote for thrombolytics?

A

Antidote: aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid

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10
Q

What is the primary goal in heart failure?

A

take stress off the heart

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11
Q

What are the factors that affect blood pressure?

A

cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance

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12
Q

what are the factors that affect cardiac output?

A

heart rate and stroke volume

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13
Q

what are the factors that affect stroke volume?

A

Contractility, Preload, Afterload

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14
Q

What happens when there is increased afterload in the heart?

A

decreased cardiac output

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15
Q

List the vasoconstrictive hormones

A

Angiotensin,

angiotensin II,

and aldosterone

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16
Q

What do Angiotensin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone do?

A

their activity increases blood pressure

17
Q

What are examples of Ace inhibitors?

A

Enalapril, losinopril, captopril, benazepril, fosinopril, ramipril

(PRIL)

18
Q

What are the adverse effects of ACEs?

A

angioedema and dry cough

19
Q

What are the MOA of ACE and ARBs?

A

decrease potassium excretion so we need to watch for hyperkalemia and question co-administration with a potassium sparing diuretic

20
Q

What are examples of ARBs?

A

end in-sartan

21
Q

What happens when given ACE and angioedema is the result?

A

Angioedema (swelling) of the face and tongue can occur with ACEIs. If this happens, patients may try an ARB instead but should not continue an ACEI and should not be prescribed one in the future.

22
Q

What are acute in the moment treatment medications?

A

MONA-Morphine, Oxygen, nitro-glycerin, Aspirin

23
Q

What are treatment medications for AFTER they are home?

A

SAAB- statin, ace inhibitor, anticoagulant/antiplatelet, beta blocker

24
Q

What is something you have to watch out for with a PT on an antihypertensive?

A

orthostatic hypotension

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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