Throat Infection and sinusitis

Question 1

Define Viral and bacterial Throat infections

Answer 1

This is the inflammation of the tonsils

Question 2

State the Bacterial causes of Throat Infection

Answer 2

1. Group A Streptococcus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

2. Diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diptheriae

Question 3

The most common organism associated with throat infections is?

Answer 3

Group A Streptococcus

Question 4

Infections caused by which bacteria a are less common due to the childhood vaccination schedule?

Answer 4

Diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diptheriae

Question 5

Presentation when observing a patient with bacterial tonsilitis

Answer 5

a red and inflamed throat, with pus present on the tonsils

Question 6

List Viral organism that causes throat infections

Answer 6

1. the Influenza virus and the Parainfluenza virus- seasonal

2. the Rhinovirus (common cold) and Adenovirus- All year round

Question 7

State how viral tonsilitis present

Answer 7

a red and inflamed throat, inflamed tonsils with the absence of pustules,

Question 8

Define oral thrush

Answer 8

Oral thrush is a yeast infection of the mouth and throat

Question 9

State the causative organism of oral thrush

Answer 9

Candida albicans

Question 10

State why many patients might experience oral thrush

Answer 10

taking oral antibiotic therapy, using a steroid inhaler (which is why you would council your patient to rinse their mouth after use),
or if they suffer from diabetes.

Question 11

A sore throat without a cough, no evidence of a fever.

During the examination you identify:

Tonsillar exudate and raised tender cervical lymph nodes.

Using the Centor Criteria which score would you allocate to this patient?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

As healthcare professionals there are two criteria that you can use to help you identify if your patient is suffering from either a bacterial or viral infection. These are the ____________ and the ____________ (both recommended by NICE). Lets look at both of these.

Answer 12

centor criteria and the FeverPAIN score

Question 13

what are the criteria for awarding a centor score?

Answer 13

Presence of tonsillar exudate
Tender anterior cervical lymph nodes
Absence of a cough
History of a fever

Question 14

Location of Ulcers

Answer 14

These can be located within the mouth or the inside of the cheek and are often very painful.

Question 15

As healthcare professionals there are two criteria that you can use to help you identify if your patient is suffering from either a bacterial or viral infection. These are the ____________ and the ____________ (both recommended by NICE). Lets look at both of these.

Answer 15

centor criteria and the FeverPAIN score

Question 16

what are the conditions for awarding a centor score?

Answer 16

Presence of tonsillar exudate
Tender anterior cervical lymph nodes
Absence of a cough
History of a fever

Question 17

List the most common factors associated with Ulcers

Answer 17

stress
anxiety,
hormonal changes
and viral infections

Question 18

Recurrent ulcers can also be an indication of

Answer 18

other problems including iron deficiency or even immunodeficiency

Question 19

what are the criteria for awarding a FeverPAIN score?

Answer 19

Fever in the past 24 hours
Purulent tonsils
Inflamed tonsils
No cough or coryza
Attend rapidly, under three days (so rapid onset of symptoms)

Question 20

Treatment of Bacterial throat Infection

Answer 20

Pen V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) and Clarithromycin

Question 21

HOWLONG IS THE TREATMENT FOR SORE THROAT?

Answer 21

10 DAYS FOR PENICILLIN

5 DAYS FOR CLARYTHROMYCIN

Question 22

Further complications could include a ________________

Answer 22

Further complications could include a quinsy (collection of pus between the back of the tonsil and the wall of the throat)

Question 23

Further complications could include a quinsy (collection of pus between the back of the tonsil and the wall of the throat)

The build up of pus will eventually form an abscess and a patient presenting with quinsy should be _______________. If the patients symptoms are concerning, they should be _______________.

Answer 23

The build up of pus will eventually form an abscess and a patient presenting with quinsy should be assessed for the severity of the symptoms and their ability to swallow. If the patients symptoms are concerning, they should be referred to hospital.

Question 24

Centor score

Answer 24

If the patient scores 1 or less - there is an 80% chance that the patient is unlikely to have an infection.
If the patient scores between 2-3 - there is a 15% - 30% chance that the patient has a Group A Streptococcus infection.

If the patient scores 4 - there is a 40% - 60% chance that the patient has a Group A Streptococcus infection.