HSV oral and genital Flashcards
List the types of Herpes simplex virus
- Herpes simplex virus serotype 1 (HSV-1)
2. Herpes simplex virus serotype 2 (HSV-2)
HSV- 1 usually causes infections in the following areas:
- Mouth
- Lips
- Eye
- Genital (sometimes) MLE
Herpes simplex virus serotype 2 (HSV-2) usually affects what part of the body
• Usually around the genitals
During the prodromal phase a patient may benefit from treatment. True or false
True
How should the treatment be administered?
Topical creams because it is a local infection – Aciclovir and Valaciclovir
Further advise for a patient with herpes
When prescribing for a patient with Herpes, it is important to give them additional advise regarding the recurrence of the infection, what may trigger recurrence and how to reduce the spread of the infection (both in other areas of the patients body and also to other uninfected individuals). When advising you patient the following should be considered:
• Treat when tingle is first felt (majority of viral replication is EARLY). Treatment after this can have very little effect.
• Dab cream rather than rub it on, as this will reduce the spread of any viral particles.
State hygienic practices required to reduce the spread of the infection
- Avoid touching the sores, kissing, sharing towels, make-up etc.
- Keep blisters or sores clean and dry. Use paper towels where possible and discard these immediately.
- Wash hands frequently during the day. Often patients will touch their faces without noticing.
Other pharmaceutical considerations that you may wish to discuss include:
- Wearing sun block helps prevent sun-triggered recurrence of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1).
- Ibuprofen or paracetamol can be used to reduce fever and local tenderness.
- Oral antivirals may be prescribed in the case of an immunocompromised patient or for severe infections.
Patients experiencing a primary Herpes Simplex infection are at increased risk of reoccurrence of the infection. True/false
True
List the primary infection associated with Herpes virus
A minority of patients will experience no symptoms. Others a minor sore on tongue or lip. More commonly, painful blisters and ulcers (patient has no antibodies) in mouth/pharynx. Pain when eating. Swollen glands – neck. High temperature General aches and pains. Symptoms normally subside in 1-3 weeks.
List the secondary infection associated with herpes virus
Tingling, painful blisters and ulcers triggered by · Sunlight, Febrile illnesses, physical or emotional stress
Less severe presentation compared to a primary infection.
Secondary infections tend to reduce in frequency over time
Patients can be at increased risk of secondary bacterial infections due to manipulation of the infected area.
Can cause disease in different areas of the body.
Treatment for Herpes Genital
- Aciclovir
- Famciclovir
- Valaciclovir
How would this medication be administered?
Genital Herpes infections are treated with oral antiviral medicines
Consideration when treating Genital herpes
• It is estimated that 30-50% of infected women at the time of delivery will transmit the virus to the child if the baby is delivered vaginally.
• Neonates infected at delivery typically show symptoms within the first 2 days.
Neonatal symptoms include:
• 40 % of cases develop localised infection to the skin, eyes and mouth
• 35% of cases develop encephalitis, including seizures, lethargy, raised temperature, poor feeding and irritation
• 25% of cases develop disseminated infection where multiple organs can be infected including the brain.
With complications such as those listed above. Prompt treatment of a pregnant patient will help to reduce these risks significantly
one of the leading cause of viral meningitis is….
Herpes simplex virus
