Threats to validity

Question 1

Demand characteristics

Answer 1

• participants may want to be helpful and want to pay attention to the situation which may guide their behaviour

Question 2

Researcher bias

Answer 2

• reactions from researcher may influence the participants behaviour

Question 3

How to deal with it

Answer 3

• single blind design
  participant is not aware of the research aims or what conditions of the experiment they are using
• double blind design
  both participant and researcher do not know the aims and hypothesis of the experiment