Thorax/spine

Question 1

What are 4 characteristic features of the thoracic spine

Answer 1

vertebral body heart shaped
presence of demi facets (inf and sup costal facets)
transverse costal facets
spinous processes are long and start inferior

Question 2

where does the superior and inferior costal facets articulate with

Answer 2

heads of the rib

Question 3

where do the transverse costal articulate with

Answer 3

tubercles on the neck of the rib

Question 4

which type of vertebrae has a heart shaped vertebral body

Answer 4

thoracic vertebrae

Question 5

which two joints are unique to the vertebral spine

Answer 5

costovertebral and costotransverse

Question 6

where does the costo-vertebreal joint articulate with

Answer 6

head of the rib articulates with the superior costal facet of the current vertebrae and the inferior costal facet of the one above

Question 7

where does the costo-transverse joint articulate with

Answer 7

transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae with the tubercle of the adjacent rib

Question 8

which ribs have costotransverse joints

Answer 8

all ribs except 11 and 12 as these are floating ribs

Question 9

what is the 1st cervical spine known as

Answer 9

atlas

Question 10

what is the second cervical spine known as

Answer 10

axis

Question 11

give characteristics of the cervical spine

Answer 11

triangular vertebral foreamen
bifid spinous process (splits into 2)
has transverse foreamen (holes in the transverse process)

Question 12

Which type of vertebrae has large vertebral bodies

Answer 12

lumbar spine

Question 13

which type of vertebrae has triangular vertebral foramen

Answer 13

lumbar

Question 14

which type of vertebrae has circular vertebral foramen

Answer 14

cervical

Question 15

Give characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae

Answer 15

large vertebral bodies
vertebral foramen is triangular in shape
transverse processes are long and slender
articular processes have nearly vertical facets
spinous process are short and broad

Question 16

Which joints run throughout the whole off the vertebral column

Answer 16

cartilaginous joint (symphysis) between vertebral bodies 
synovial type joint between the vertebral arches which are formed between the articulate processes from adjacent vertebrae

Question 17

where are cartilaginous joints found

Answer 17

between vertebral bodies

Question 18

where are synovial type joints found

Answer 18

between vertebral arches

Question 19

which ligament runs the length of the vertebral column and covers the vertebral bodies and intervertebral disks

Answer 19

anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments

Question 20

what does the ligament flavour connect

Answer 20

laminae of adjacent vertebrae

Question 21

what ligament connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae

Answer 21

ligamentum flavum

Question 22

what does the interspinous ligament connect

Answer 22

the spinous processes of the the adjacent vertebrae

Question 23

what does the supraspinous ligament connect

Answer 23

the tips of adjacent spinous processes

Question 24

which ligaments are unique to the thoracic spine

Answer 24

radiate ligament of the head of rib

costotransverse ligament which connects the neck of the rib and transverse process

Question 25

where does the lateral costo-transverse ligament extend to and from

Answer 25

from transverse process to the tubercle of the rib

Question 26

where does the superior costo transverse ligament passes from and to

Answer 26

upper boarder of the neck of the rib to the transverse process of the vertebrae above

Question 27

what are the 3 parts of the sternum

Answer 27

manubrum, body and xiphoid process

Question 28

what joints are at either side of the jugular notch

Answer 28

sternoclavicular joints

Question 29

where do the anterior intercostal arteries supply

Answer 29

the superior 5-6 intercostal spaces

Question 30

the anterior intercostal arteries are branches of which artery

Answer 30

internal thoracic artery (aka internal mammory) which is the 1st part of the subclavian artery

Question 31

at what point does the internal thoracic artery divide into two terminal branches

Answer 31

the 6th intercostal space

Question 32

what are the 2 terminal branches of the internal thoracic

Answer 32

musculophrenic and superior epigastric

Question 33

the intercostal nerves are formed from the ventral rami of ……..

Answer 33

T1-T11

Question 34

intercostal nerve from T12 is formed from which nerve

Answer 34

subcostal nerve

Question 35

what do lateral cutaneous branches of the intercostal nerve innervate

Answer 35

skin of the side of the thoracic wall

Question 36

what do anterior cutaneous branches of the IC nerve innervate

Answer 36

it is the terminal part of the IC nerve and innervates the skin near the midline of the chest

Question 37

Where does the peritoneal sensory branches of the IC nerve run to

Answer 37

the parietal peritoneum on 7th to 11th IC nerves