THORAX POSTERIOR AND ANTERIOR Flashcards
identifies the portion of the body extending from the base of the neck
superiorly to the level of the diaphragm inferiorly
Thorax
The
outer structure of the thorax is referred to as
Thoracic cage
The lungs, distal portion of the trachea,
and the bronchi are located in the
thorax and constitute the lower respiratory system.
contains
the respiratory components
Thoracic cavity
The thoracic cage is constructed of the (5)
sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, 12 thoracic vertebrae,
muscles, and cartilage.
The —– or —- lies in the center o the chest anteriorly and is divided into three parts
Sternum or breastbone
Sternum is divided into 3 parts what are those
manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process.
connects laterally
with the clavicles (collarbones) and the first two pairs of ribs.
Manubrium
The clavicles extend from
manubrium to the acromion of the scapula
A U-shaped indentation located on the superior border of the manubrium is an important
landmark known as the
suprasternal notch.
bony ridge can be palpated at the point where the manubrium articulates with the body of
the sternum.
Sternal angle/ angle of louis
location of the second pair of ribs and becomes a reference point for counting ribs and
intercostal spaces.
Angle of louis
The 12 pairs of ribs constitute the main structure of the thoracic cage. They are numbered
superiorly to inferiorly,
Anteriorly, the
first seven pairs articulate with the
sternum by way of costal cartilages.
The first pair of ribs
curves up immediately under the clavicles so that only a small portion of these ribs and the
first interspaces are
Palpable
The second ribs and intercostal spaces are easily located
adjacent to the sternal angle.
If the degree of costal angle becomes higher than —- it could indicated as —
90, emphysema
Ribs two through six are easy to count anteriorly because
their articulation with the sternal body
connect to the cartilages of the pair lying
superior to them rather than to the sternum
Ribs 7-10
Where is the 11th and 12th ribs attached to
Posterior vertebra and the tips are palpable
Degree of costal angle
90
Aka floating ribs
11th and 12th
The spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra (C7), also
called the
vertebra prominens
When counting the spinous processes, it is helpful to know that they align with their
corresponding ribs only to the
fourth thoracic vertebra (T4)
Each pair of ribs articulates with its
respective
thoracic vertebra
Ribs 7-10 forms an angle meeting to the level of
Xiphoid process- costal angle
How will you assess the c7
Clients neck flexed
After this, the spinous
processes angle downward from their own vertebral body and can be
palpated over the
vertebral body and rib below.
The lower tip of each scapula is at the level of
seventh or eighth rib when the arms
are at the client’s side
Why do the examiner uses
imaginary lines
to describe a location around the circumference of the chest wall
The imaginary lines in the anterior chest is known as
midsternal line and the right and left midclavicular lines
The posterior thorax includes
vertebral (or spinal) line and the right and left
scapular lines
The midaxillary line
runs from the
apex of the axillae to the level of the 12th rib.
The anterior axillary line
extends from
axillary fold along the anterolateral aspect of the thorax
posterior axillary line runs from
posterior axillary fold down the posterolateral
aspect of the chest wall
The thoracic cavity consists 3
mediastinum and the lungs and is lined by the pleural
membranes
Mediastinum contains 5
trachea, bronchi, esophagus, heart, and great vessels.
refers to a central area in the thoracic cavity
Mediastinum
The lungs lie on each side of the mediastinum. T or F
True
is a flexible structure that lies anterior to the esophagus
trachea
Trachea begins from and size
cricoid cartilage in the neck, and is approximately 10 to 12 cm long in an adult
C-shaped rings of — compose the trachea
Hyaline cartilage
they help to maintain its shape
and prevent its collapse during respiration.
Hyaline Cartilage
