ANTERIOR LUNGS

Question 1

Both bronchi are at an oblique position in the mediastinum and enter the lungs at

Answer 1

Hilum

Question 2

The r bronchus is —– and —– than left bronchus

Answer 2

Shorter more vertical easy to aspirate

Question 3

“dead space”

Answer 3

Bronchi and trachea

Question 4

Dead space meaning

Answer 4

Air is transported but no gas exchange

Question 5

the bronchioles terminate at the —- and air is channeled into the ——-

Answer 5

Alveolar ducts , sacs

Question 6

contain a number of
alveoli in a cluster formation (resembling grapes), creating millions of interalveolar walls
that increase the surface area available for gas exchange.

Answer 6

Alveolarsacs

Question 7

two cone-shaped, elastic structures suspended within the thoracic cavity.

Answer 7

Lungs

Question 8

The — of each lungs extends slightly above —

Answer 8

apex- clavicle

Question 9

anterior surface of the thorax, the
lung extends —–
Laterally, lung tissue reaches the level of the
—–
posteriorly, the lung base lies at about the —–

Answer 9

6, 8, 10

Question 10

Lungs are divided by

Answer 10

Fissure

Question 11

The thoracic cavity is lined by a thin, double-layered serous membrane referred to as

Answer 11

pleura

Question 12

lies between the two pleural layers. In
the healthy adult, the lubricating serous fluid between the layers allows movement of the
visceral layer over the parietal layer during ventilation without friction.

Answer 12

Pleural space

Question 13

Severe dehydration is pleural space = 3

Answer 13

Friction rub, increased lung sound, reduce volume of pleural fluid

Question 14

respiration assists in the
rapid compensation for

Answer 14

Metabolic acid base defects

Question 15

mechanical act of breathing and is
accomplished by expansion of the chest, both vertically and horizontally.

Answer 15

External respiration, or ventilation

Question 16

ELEVATION OF RIBS

Answer 16

HORIZONTAL EXPANSION

Question 17

CONTRACTION OF DIAPHRAGM

Answer 17

VERTICAL EXPANSION

Question 18

Such involuntary control of respiration is the work of the

Answer 18

MEDULLA AND PONS

Question 19

also play a role in involuntary control of respiration in response to emotional changes, such
as fear or excitement.

Answer 19

hypothalamus and the sympathetic nervous

Question 20

changes in oxygen or carbon dioxide levels in the blood, or
changes in the hydrogen ion (pH) level cause changes in breathing patterns.

Answer 20

Hormonal regulation

Question 21

the strongest stimulus to breathe is an increase in carbon dioxide level in the
blood

Answer 21

Hypercapnia

Question 22

A decrease in oxygen

Answer 22

Hypoxemia

Question 23

5As

Answer 23

(Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist,
Arrange)

Question 24

COLDSPA IN LUNGS REVIEW IN BOOK PLEASE

Question 25

sharp, stabbing pain that increases with deep breathing.

Answer 25

PLEURISY Inflammation of pleural

Question 26

burning sensation with a cough may be seen in

Answer 26

tracheobronchitis

Question 27

squeezing or burning, a sharp or tight feeling in the chest as if something is stuck in the throat.

Answer 27

Esophageal pain

Question 28

Pain in lungs due to acid reflux

Answer 28

Esophagitis

Question 29

Chest pain associated with pleuritis may be absent in

Answer 29

Older patient

Question 30

Coughs late in the evening may be the result of ------. Coughs occurring at night are often related to ----

Answer 30

Irritas , postnasal drip/ sinusitis

Question 31

Brown or black sputum indicates blood in the sputum

Answer 31

(hemoptysis)

Question 32

Pink, frothy sputum may be indicative of

Answer 32

Pulmonary edema

Question 33

causes the airways to constrict after the air is in the lungs, making exhaling the air from the lung

Answer 33

COPD INFLAMMATION

Question 34

PLEASE READ TABLES IN LUNG ESPECIALLY THE EXAMPLE

Question 35

Complete examination of the thorax and lungs 4

Answer 35

INSPECTION, PALPATION, PERCUSSION ASCULTATION

Question 36

seen with labored respirations (especially in small children) and is indicative of hypoxia.

Answer 36

Nasal flaring

Question 37

Nasal flaring whT Preventive measure?

Answer 37

Pursed lip breathing

Question 38

Ruddy to purple complexion may be seen in clients with COPD or CHF as a result of 2

Answer 38

polycythemia. Cyanosis

Question 39

Spinous processes appear straight, and thorax appears symmetric, with ribs sloping downward at ---- degree

Answer 39

-45 d

Question 40

Tender or painful areas may indicate

Answer 40

inflamed fibrous connective tissue.

Question 42

Pain over the intercostal spaces may be from

Answer 42

Pleura

Question 43

can be palpated if air escapes from the lung or other airways into the subcutaneous tissue, as occurs after an open thoracic injury, around a chest tube, or tracheostomy

Answer 43

Crepitus

Question 44

is elicited in cases of trapped air, such as in emphysema or pneumothorax.

Answer 44

Hyperresonance

Question 45

Unequal chest expansion can occur with severe

Answer 45

atelectasis

Question 46

Excursion should be equal bilaterally and measure

Answer 46

3-5cm

Question 47

present when fluid or solid tissue replaces air in the lung or occupies the pleural space, such as in lobar pneumonia, pleural effusion, or tumor.

Answer 47

dullness

Question 48

In well-conditioned clients, excursion can measure up to

Answer 48

7-8cm

Question 49

trachea in center, dull sound in affected lobe.

Answer 49

Consolidation

Question 50

an increased curve of the thoracic spine) is common in older clients

Answer 50

Kyphosis

Question 51

-----is the percussion tone elicited over normal lung tissue. Percussion elicits-----over the scapula

Answer 51

Resonance, flat tones

Question 52

is a markedly sunken sternum and adjacent cartilages (often referred to as funnel chest).

Answer 52

Pectus excavatum

Question 53

Ribs slope downward with symmetric intercostal spaces. Costal angle is within ---d

Answer 53

90d

Question 54

trachea shifts to other (contralateral) side; breath sounds absent on affected side.

Answer 54

Pneumothorax

Question 55

trachea shifts to affected (ipsilateral) side; decreased lung size, decreased breath sounds

Answer 55

Obstructive atelectasis

Question 56

PLEASE MEMORIZE LUNG SOUND TABLE

Answer 56

CRACKLES MURMUR

Question 57

Thorax has depression in lower sternum and is seen with congenital conditions that can cause murmurs or compress the heart and vessels.

Answer 57

PECTUS EXCAVATUM (FUNNEL CHEST)

Question 58

Sternum protrudes forward. Congenital. Increased AP diameter.

Answer 58

PECTUS CARINATUM (PIGEON CHEST)

Question 59

enlarged (barrel) chest, prolonged breath sounds, hyperresonance (echo), trachea in center

Answer 59

Emphysema

Question 60

Lateral S-shaped curve of the spine

Answer 60

SCOLIOSIS

Question 61

Exaggerated increased rounding of the thoracic spine, often seen with osteoporosis in older women.

Answer 61

KYPHOSIS

Question 62

Thorax is round shaped. The AP diameter to lateral diameter ratio is 1:1. This is seen in aging adults, COPD, and chronic asthma.

Answer 62

BARREL CHEST

Question 63

Such athletes (including swimmers) often have a forward-translated head, pronounced thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and internally rotated shoulders

Answer 63

OVERHEAD POSITION