Thorax, Mediastinum, Heart Flashcards
Articulation of the head of the rib
Sup art facet: above thoracic vert
Inf art facet: same thoracic vert
what are typical ribs
ribs 3 to 9
Surface landmark of the lung and parietal pleura
Midclavicular/ midaxillary/ midscapular
Lung: 6-8-10
Parietal pleura: 8-10-12
motion of the transverse diameter of the thorax during inspiration
Bucket handle inspiratory movement
motion of the AP diameter of the thorax during inspiration
pump handle inspiratory movement
sternum UP: insp: inc AP diameter
sternum DOWN: exp: dec AP diameter
3 thoracic muscles that DEPRESS the ribs
serratis post inf
int intercostal
transversus thoracis
Origin of the posterior intercostal arteries
first 2: sup intercostal of the costocervical trunk
remaining branches: descending aorta
Origin of the anterior intercostal arteries
upper 6: int thoracic artery
remaining: musculophrenic
Mnemonics
superior mediastinum contents
BATS and TENTS
Brachiocephalic art
Arch of aorta
Thymus
SVC
Trachea
Esophagus
Nerves (vagus and phrenic)
Thoracic duct
Mnemonics
posterior mediastinum contents
DATES HAV
Descending aorta Azygos vein Thoracic duct Esophagus Sympathetic trunk/ ganglia Hemiazygos Vein Accessory hemiazygos vein Vagus nerve
improper dev of 3rd and 4th PP; absent thyroid and parathyroid glands
DiGeorge Syndrome
Embryonic origin of EAM
1st pharyngeal groove (ectoderm)
Embryonic origin of middle ear cavity
1st pharyngeal pouch
Embryonic origin of palatine tonsil
2nd pharyngeal pouch
Embryonic origin of thymus and inferior parathyroid gland
3rd pharyngeal pouch
Embryonic origin of C cells of thyroid gland, and sup parathyroid gland
4th pharyngeal pouch
sternocostal surface of the heart is formed by what chamber
right ventricle
Mnemonics: Tributaries of coronary sinus
GSM
great cardiac veins
small cardiac veins
middle cardiac veins
vein accompanied by post interventricular artery
middle cardiac vein
Arterial supply of L atrium and ventricle
circumflex branch of the LCA
Arterial supply of interventricular septum and apex
ant interventricular branch of left coronary
Arterial supply of RV
ant interventricular art
marginal branch of RCA
Arterial supply of R atrium
Right CA
I, avL, V1-V6
infarct location and lesion?
large ant wall
proximal LAD
V2-V4
infarct location and lesion?
anteroapical
distal LAD
II, III, avF
infarct location and lesion?
inferior wall
distal LAD
V1-V3
infarct location and lesion?
anteroseptal
distal LAD
V4-V6
infarct location and lesion?
posterolateral
circumplex
fossa ovalis (remnant of foramen ovale) seen in what chamber of the heart
Right atrium
moderator band present in
right ventricle
primitive atrium becomes
L atrium
sinus venosus becomes
R atrium
primitive ventricle becomes
all L ventricle
bulbus cordis becomes
all of R ventricle
Truncus arteriosus becomes
partitioned to form the root of aorta and pulmonary trunk
hypertrophy of the RA, RV and pulmonary trunk
ASD
L to R shunting of blood; inc BF to the lungs causing pulmo HTN
VSD
failure of truncal ridges and aortopulmonary septum to divide normally
Truncus arteriosus
MCC of cyanotic heart dse
TGA
MC type CHD
VSD
Pathway for oxygenated blood in fetal circ
umb vein ➝ ductus venosus ➝ IVC ➝ RA ➝ FO ➝ LA ➝ LV ➝ aorta
Pathway for unoxygenated blood in fetal circ
SVC ➝ RA ➝ RV ➝ pulmo trunk ➝ ductus arteriosus ➝ aorta
Ductus arteriosus becomes
Ligamentum arteriosum
Foramen ovale becomes
fossa ovalis
Ductus venous becomes
ligamentum venosum
Umbilical vein becomes
Ligamentum teres
Umbilical arteries become
Medial umbilical ligaments
remnant of urachus
median umbilical ligament
MC congenital anomaly assoc with maternal rubella infection during early pregnancy
maternal rubella
first pair of AA becomes
maxillary arteries
second pair of AA becomes
stapedial arteries
third pair of AA becomes
proximal: CCA
distal: ICA
4th pair of AA becomes
left: arch of aorta
right: R subclavian artery
5th pair of AA becomes
none
6th pair of AA becomes
left:
- proximal-left pulmonary art
- distal- ductus arteriosus
right:
- proximal: right pulmonary art
- distal: degenerates
