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02_Anatomy > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid gland is invested in what structure?

A

Pretracheal fascia

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2
Q

Forms a FALSE capsule of the thyroid gland

A

Pretracheal layer

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3
Q

Forms the fascial floor of the POSTERIOR triangle

A

Prevertebral layer

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4
Q

Layers of the neck from OUTER to INNER

A
  1. Superficial cervical fascia
  2. Platysma
  3. Deep cervical fascia
    - investing layer
    - pretracheal layer
    - carotid sheath
    - prevertebral layer
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5
Q

What cranial nerve descends through the neck in the carotid sheath?

A

Vagus

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6
Q

Lateral, medial and posterior components of the carotid sheath

A

Lateral: IJV
Medial: CCA, ICA
Posterior: Vagus

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7
Q

Dental abscess can spread to the mediastinum via

A

Retropharyngeal space

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8
Q

Ludwig’s angina primarily involves which fascial planes?

A

Submandibular space

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9
Q

Torticollis involving right SCM will manifest as

A

head rotated to the left

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10
Q

hyoid bone at the level of?

A

C3

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11
Q

triangle bounded by post belly of digastric, sup belly of omohyoid, ant border of SCM

A

Carotid

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12
Q

All infrahyoid muscles depress the hyoid bone EXCEPT

A

sternothyroid, depresses the larynx

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13
Q

Boundaries of ant triangle

A

ant border of SCM
ant midline of neck
inf border of mandible

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14
Q

ant triangle subdivided into

A

submental
digastric
carotid
muscular

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15
Q

posterior triangle bounded by

A

post border of SCM

ant border of trapezius

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16
Q

Muscle that separates the submandibular and sublingual space

A

Mylohyoid

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17
Q

Contents of the upper portion of the carotid sheath are crossed obliquely and anteriorly by the

A

Post belly of digastric

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18
Q

Carotid pulse can be palpated at the level of

A

sup border of thyroid cartilage

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19
Q

triangle bounded by sup belly of omohyoid, ant midline of neck, ant border of SCM

A

muscular

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20
Q

Nerve that crosses occipital triangle

A

accessory nerve

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21
Q

Supraclavicular triangle aka

A

Subclavian, omoclavicular

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22
Q

Wt of thyroid gland

A

20 gms

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23
Q

pyramidal lobe projects upward from the isthmus, usually to the (left/right?) of the midline

A

LEFT

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24
Q

fibrous/muscular band frequently connects the pyramidal lobe to the hyoid bone

A

Levator Glandulae Thyroidea

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25
vertebral levels of hyoid bone, thryroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage
C3, C4-C5, C6
26
connects the thyroid gland to the tongue
thyroglossal duct cyst
27
remnant of thyroid gland
foramen cecum
28
Most common ectopic thyroid
lingual
29
Thyroglossal duct cyst vs branchial cleft cyst
TDC: midline, near hyoid bone, moves up with swallowing or tongue protrusion BCC: lateral to midline, anterior to SCM, does not move with swallowing or tongue protrusion
30
Deep cervical LN empty into the
thoracic duct on the left side | right lymphatic duct on the right side
31
cancer cells in thyroid malignancy will metastasize first to what group of cervical LN?
cervical LN V
32
Groups of cervical LN
``` I- Submental and submandibular LN II-Upper jugular III-middle jugular IV-lower jugular V-posterior triangle VI-ant compartment VII-paratracheal ```
33
Afferent/efferent innervation of pharyngeal mucosa. gag reflex
Afferent: glossopharyngeal Efferent: Vagus
34
Nerve supply of: | nasal pharynx/ oral pharynx/ laryngeal pharynx
maxillary nerve/ GP nerve/ int laryngeal nerve of VN
35
Afferent/efferent innervation of pharyngeal mucosa. pupillary light reflex
CN 2/ CN 3
36
Afferent/efferent innervation of pharyngeal mucosa. corneal light reflex
CN 5/ CN 7
37
Nerve damage in the lateral wall of the tonsillar fossa will manifest as
Loss of gag reflex on the SAME side of the lesion
38
Lateral, Upper, and Lower components of Waldeyer ring of Lymphoid Tissue
Lateral: palatine and tubal Upper: pharyngeal Lower: lingual
39
Larynx lie at the level of
C4-C6
40
thyroid membrane immediately inferior to the thyroid cartilage, superior to cricoid; TRUE vocal cords lie superior to it
Cricothyroid membrane
41
Sequence of structures traversed during cricothyroidectomy
skin, superficial fascia, investing layer of deep cervical fascia, pretracheal fascia, larynx
42
Narrowest part pf laryngeal cavity
Rima glottidis
43
Nerves that go along with: Superior thyroid artery Inferior thyroid artery
Superior thyroid artery: ext laryngeal nerve | Inferior thyroid artery: inferior/ recurrent laryngeal nerve
44
Sensory innerv above & below vocal cord area
Above: Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve Below: inf/recurrent LN
45
nerve innervation of muscles of phonation except cricothyroid
inf/recurrent LN
46
nerve supply of cricothyroid
external branch of sup LN
47
abducts vocal cords during quiet breathing
post cricoarytenoid
48
Mnemonics: actions of cricoarytenod muscles
PAB LAD
49
right RLN crosses what vessel
R subclavian artery
50
left RLN crosses what vessel
aortic arch
51
injury to EBSLN
cannot produce high-pitched sounds
52
injury to the RLN
hoarseness/ brethiness
53
Blood supply of the trachea
upper 2/3: inf thyroid artery | lower third: bronchial arteries
54
MC type of EA
EA with distal TEF
55
when to consider EA in fetus
polyhydramnios, absent stomach gas in UTZ
56
Cells of the parathyroid gland
CO Chief cell -PTH Oxyphil cell -supportive
57
Cells of the thyroid gland
PF Parafollicular-calcitonin follicular- T3, T4
58
Embryonic dev of parathyroid gland
inf: 3rd PP sup: 4th PP
59
ectopic parathyroid freq seen in
sup mediastinum
60
cervical plexus is formed by
anterior rami of first four cervical nerves
61
cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus (4)
``` lesser occipital (C2) greater auricular (C2 and C3) transverse cutaneous (C2 and C3) supraclavicular (C3 and C4) ```
62
3 muscles supplied by ansa cervicalis
omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid
63
how is ansa cervicalis formed
hypoglossal + C1-C3
64
Post, Lat, and Ant relations of phrenic nerve
post: subclavian vein ant: subclavian art lat: common carotid artery
65
arrangement of the phrenic nerve and surrounding structure from ant to post
VNA sternohyoid - sternothyroid - subclavian vein - thoracic duct - phrenic nerve - scalenus ant - subclavian art
66
injuries to what zones of the neck obstruct the airway and have the greatest risk for morbidity and mortality
I and III

02_Anatomy (10 decks)

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