Thorax and ventral neck dissection Flashcards
What connects the external jugular veins?
Hyoid arch
What muscles are found in-between the external jugular veins (looking at a ventrodorsal view)?
Sternocephalicus
Sternothryohyoideus
The left and right sternothyrohyoideus muscles are divided into which muscles?
Sternohyoideus (medial)
Sternothyroideus (lateral)
What 3 main nerves/arteries run in the deep neck? (in carotid sheath)
Internal jugular vein
Common carotid artery
Vagosympathetic trunk
What nerve runs over the ventral trachea?
Ventral branch of C1
What nerve runs over the dorsolateral trachea?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
What is the recurrent laryngeal nerve a branch of? Where does it branch off? What does it innervate?
Vagus
Branches off in thorax - runs bad up to neck to innervate laryngeal muscles
What innervates the superficial and deep pectoral muscles? What are their functions?
Superficial - cranial pectoral
Deep - caudal pectoral
Adduct forelimb
The phrenic nerve starts alongside which spinal nerve?
C5
What nerves form the brachial plexus?
C5 to T1
What direction do the external and internal intercostals run (where do they go - not where they go from)
External - caudoventrally
Internal - caudodorsally
(EAO) - caudoventally
(IAO) - cranioventrally
The intercostal nerve, artery and vein run along which side of the ribs?
Caudal
What lies under the head of the ribs either side of the thorax?
Sympathetic chain
What ganglion is under heads of ribs one and two, in the sympathetic chain?
Stellate ganglion
How does the stellate ganglion communicate with the middle cervical ganlglion?
By ansa suclavia
The ansa suclavia run either side of which blood vessel?
Subclavian artery
What nerve originates from the cranial aspect of the stellate ganglion?
Vertebral nerve
Where does the vertebral nerve enter the vertebrae? With what blood vessel?
6th cervical vertebrae (up transverse foramina)
Vertebral artery
How does the vagus nerve run through the neck?
Vagosympathetic trunk
Where does the vagus nerve separate from the vagosympathetic trunk?
Middle cervical ganglion
The vagus divides into which branches after supplying branches to the heart and lungs?
Dorsal branch
Ventral branch
Where do the dorsal and ventral branches of the vagus rejoin? What do they form?
Near diaphragm
Dorsal trunk
Ventral trunk
The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus. Which blood vessels does it loop under on the right and left side, before running up the neck?
Left - aorta
Right - subclavian
What is the thoracic duct? What does it drain and where does it go int?
Lymph vessel
Lymph from gut into the cranial VC
Where is the thoracic duct found?
On top of the oesophagus
Cranial to aorta
Where does the azygous vein drain into?
Junction of cranial VC and right atrium
What is within the carotid sheath?
Common carotid artery
Vagosympathetic trunk
Internal jugular
Where does the sternocephalicus originate and insert?
Manubrium of sternum
Mandible
What muscle forms the ventral boundary of the jugular furrow?
Sternocephalicus
How many parathyroid glands are there per thyroid gland?
2 per thyroid gland but often only 1 visible
Where is the thyroid gland?
Ventrolateral aspect of trachea
