Heart dissection Flashcards
What nerve is found running over the dorsal mediastinal structures (tracheal bifurcation, oesophagus)?
Right vagus nerve
Does the mediastinal pleura cover the heart?
Partially
What nerve is found running on the mediastinal pleura?
Phrenic nerves (left and right)
The left lateral aspect is also known as what surface?
Auricular surface
What are the two major branches of the aorta?
1st - Brachiocephalic trunk
2nd -left subclavian
What is the groove running on the left side of the heart, between the ventricles?
Paraconal (inerventricular - contains coronary vessels)
Where is the coronary groove found?
Between the atria and ventricles (both sides of heart)
What is found within the coronary groove?
Coronary arteries and veins
The apex of the heart is formed from which chamber?
Left ventricle
What does the left subclavian supply?
Left forelimb
What does the brachiocephalic trunk (first branch of aorta) supply and via what arteries?
Head - via left and right common carotid arteries
Right forelimb - via right subclavian artery
What vessels make up the pulmonary trunk? What do they supply?
Left and right pulmonary arteries
Supply their retrospective lung
What is the ligament arteriosum?
Connective tissue remnant of ductus arteriosus
Where is the ligament arteriosum found?
Behind pulmonary trunk
What is the name of the right interventricular groove?
Subsinosal groove
What are the 4 openings into the right atrium?
Cranial VC
Caudal VC
Coronary sinus
Atrioventricular canal
What is the coronary sinus? What blood does it return?
Terminal part of coronary veins
Returns deoxygenated blood from heart muscles
What is the atrioventricular canal?
Where the atrium leads into the ventricles
In which chamber is the fossa ovalis? What is this a remnant of?
Right atrium
Foramen oval
What is the soft tissue cranial to the fossa ovalis called? What does it do?
Intervenous tubercle
Diverts blood from cranial and caudal VC towards atrioventricular canal
What are the muscles in the ventricles called? What is their function?
Trabeculae carnae
Reduce turbulence
What attaches the heart valve cusps to the hear wall?
Chordae tendinae
Attach to papillary muscles
Which chamber is the septomarginal band found in? What fibres does it carry?
Right ventricle
Purkinje fibres
Where are the semilunar valves found? What do they do?
In pulmonary trunk and aorta - prevent back flow into ventricles
How many pulmonary veins usually enter the heart?
6 - one per lung lobe
accessory and right caudal veins joined in dog
What is the name of the muscles found in the atria of the heart?
Pectinate muscles
Is the left or right AV valve more robustly built (has larger papillary muscles and chordae tendinae)?
Left - under 4X much pressure than right
The aortic valve consists of 3 semilunar cusps. The first part of the aorta is dilated - what does this form?
Three sinuses (from each semilunar cusp) Together form the aortic bulb
Where vessels arise from the aortic bulb?
Left and right aortic sinuses
