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Anatomy > Thorax 3 > Flashcards

Thorax 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Expiration muscles

A 
Internal intercostal muscles - beneath external, down and back 
Rectus abdominis 
Transversus abdominis 
Internal oblique 
External oblique
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2
Q

Inspiration muscles

A

External intercostal muscles - up and forward

Scalene muscles - raise first and second rib and manubrium during inspiration

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3
Q

Thoracic muscles

A

Intercostal muscles
Subcostales
Transversus thoracis

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4
Q

Pericardiophrenic artery

A

Pericardium

Diaphragm

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5
Q

Musculophrenic artery

A

Intercostals
Diaphragm
Abdominal muscles

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6
Q

Perforating branches

A

Pectoralis major
Breast
Overlying skin

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7
Q

Superior epigastric

A

Anterior abdominal wall

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8
Q

Base of breasts

A

Ribs 2 to 6

Sternum to midaxillary line

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9
Q

Artery supply of breast

A

Axillary artery - superior thoracic, thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular - lateral
Internal thoracic artery - medial
2nd to 4th intercostal artery via branches that perforate thoracic wall and overlying muscle

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10
Q

Venous drainage of breast

A

Parallel artery

Axillary, internal thoracic, intercostal

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11
Q

Lymphatic drainage of breast

A

75% laterally into axillary node - drain into subclavian trunk
Remaining parasternal deep to anterior thoracic wall and associated with internal thoracic artery - drain into bronchomediastinal trunk
Some via vessels that follow lateral branches of posterior intercostal arteries and connect with intercostal nodes near heads and necks of ribs - drain into thoracic duct or bronchomediastinal trunk

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12
Q

Breast in men

A

Only small ducts

Often cords of cells - not beyond areola

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13
Q

Diaphragm attachments

A

Pos - lumbar vertebrae L1, L2, L3, ribs 7-12
Costal cartilage of 7-10
Ant - posterior surface of xiphoid process

Central tendon

Paired lateral arcuate and paired medial arcuate ligaments

Median arcuate ligament

Right and left Crus

Suspensory muscle of duodenum

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14
Q

Diaphragm innervation

A

Right and left phrenic nerves from C3, 4, 5 spinal nerves

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15
Q

Diaphragm blood supply

A

Inferior phrenic arteries

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16
Q

Joints of thorax

A
  1. intervertebral (symphysis, secondary cartilaginous),
  2. costovertebral (synovial, plane),
  3. costochondral (hyaline, primary cartilaginous),
  4. interchondral (synovial, plane),
  5. sternocostal (1st CC is synchondrosis, primary cartilaginous, 2nd-7th CCs synovial,
    plane) ,
  6. sternoclavicular (synovial, saddle),
  7. manubriosternal (symphysis, secondary cartilaginous) and
  8. xiphisternal (synchondrosis, primary cartilaginous).
17
Q

Superior thoracic aperture boundaries

A

posteriorly: T1 vertebral body and costovertebral joints
laterally: first ribs and their costal cartilages
anteriorly: superior border of the manubrium

18
Q

Superior thoracic aperture content

A 
Oesophagus
Trachea
Common carotid artery
Internal jugular vein 
Apex of lungs
Subclavian artery and vein
19
Q

Inferior thoracic aperture boundaries

A

posteriorly: 12th thoracic vertebral body and transverse processes
posterolaterally: 11th and 12th ribs
anterolaterally: the costal margins formed by the conjoint costal cartilages of 7th to 10th ribs
anteriorly: xiphisternal joint


20
Q

Inferior thoracic aperture content

A

​aortic hiatus (T12) (not a true aperture)
oesophageal hiatus (T10)
vena caval foramen (T8)
lesser apertures

21
Q

Caval hiatus

A

T8 (through) - Inferior vena cava, Branches of right phrenic nerve

22
Q

Oesophageal hiatus

A

T10 (through) - Oesophagus, Right and left vagus nerves, Oesophageal branches of left gastric artery and vein

23
Q

Aortic hiatus

A

T12 (behind) - Thoracic duct, Azygous vein, thoracic aorta change to abdominal aorta

24
Q

Chest drain borders

A

Lateral edge of pectoralis major
5th intercostal space
Lateral edge of latissimus dorsi
Base of axilla

Anatomy (8 decks)

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