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anatomy > Known Muscles > Flashcards

Known Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of gluteal region

A

Gluteus maximus - extension
Gluteus medius - abduction
Gluteus minimus - abduction
Tensor fasciae latae - knee flexion

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2
Q

Deep muscles of gluteal region

A

Piriformis - lateral rotation
Obturator internus - lateral rotation
Quadratus femoris - lateral rotation - ischial tuberosity
Superior and inferior gemelli - lateral rotation - spine and tuberosity

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3
Q

Anterior thigh muscles - flexors

A

Iliopsoas - anterior rami 1-3 and femoral
Sartorius - abduct and lat rotate - medial tibia
Pectineus - flex and adduct thigh

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4
Q

Anterior thigh muscles - extensors

A

Vastus lateralis - fem shaft
Vastus intermedius - fem shaft
Vastus medialis - fem shaft
Rectus femoris - AIIS

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5
Q

Medial thigh muscles

A

Adductor magnus - pubis and ischium, ischial tuberosity
Adductor longus - pubis
Adductor brevis - pubis
Gracilis - pubis - medial tibia hip adduction and knee flexion
Obturator externus

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6
Q

Posterior leg muscles

A

Gastrocnemius - condyle of femur
Plantaris - lateral condyle of femur
Soleus - Soleal line and medial border of tibia and Posterior fibular head

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7
Q

Muscles of dorsal foot

A

Extensor digitorum brevis - prox

Extensor hallucis brevis - prox

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8
Q

Trapezius attachments

A

Skull, ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes of C7-T12

Clavicle, acromion and the spine of the scapula

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9
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Accessory nerve

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10
Q

Trapezius action

A

Elevation, rotation, retraction and depression of the scapula

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11
Q

Latissimus dorsi attachments

A

Spinous processes of T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and the inferior three ribs

Fibres converge into a tendon that attaches to the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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12
Q

Latissimus dorsi innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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13
Q

Latissimus dorsi action

A

Extension, adduction and medial rotation of the upper limb

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14
Q

Levator scapulae attachments

A

Transverse processes of the C1-C4 vertebrae

Medial border of the scapula

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15
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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16
Q

Levator scapulae action

A

Elevation of the scapula

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17
Q

Rhomboid major attachments

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae

Medial border of the scapula, between the scapula spine and inferior angle

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18
Q

Rhomboid major innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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19
Q

Rhomboid major action

A

Retracts and rotates the scapula

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20
Q

Rhomboid minor attachments

A

Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae

Medial border of the scapula, at the level of the spine of scapula

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21
Q

Rhomboid minor innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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22
Q

Rhomboid minor actions

A

Retracts and rotates the scapula

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23
Q

serratus posterior superior attachments

A

lower part of the ligamentum nuchae, and the cervical and thoracic spines (usually C7 – T3)

ribs 2-5

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24
Q

serratus posterior superior innervation

A

Intercostal nerves

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25
Q

serratus posterior superior action

A

elevate/depress the ribs during respiration

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26
Q

serratus posterior inferior attachment

A

thoracic and lumbar spines (usually T11 – L3)

ribs 9-12

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27
Q

serratus posterior inferior innervation

A

Intercostal nerves

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28
Q

serratus posterior inferior action

A

elevate/depress the ribs during respiration

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29
Q

Splenius capitis attachments

A

Lower aspect of the ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of C7 – T3/4 vertebrae

Mastoid process and the occipital bone

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30
Q

Splenius capitis innervation

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves C3 and C4

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31
Q

Splenius capitis function

A

Rotate head to the same side

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32
Q

Splenius cervicis (colli) attachments

A

Spinous processes of T3-T6 vertebae

Transverse processes of C1-3/4

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33
Q

Splenius cervicis (colli) innervation

A

Posterior rami of the lower cervical spinal nerves

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34
Q

Splenius cervicis (colli) function

A

Rotate head to the same side

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35
Q

Longissimus attachments

A

Common tendinous origin of the erector spinae

Lower ribs, the transverse processes of C2 – T12, and the mastoid process of the skull

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36
Q

Iliocostalis attachments

A

Common tendinous origin of the erector spinae

Costal angle of the ribs and the cervical transverse processes

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37
Q

Iliocostalis innervation

A

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves

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38
Q

Iliocostalis function

A

Unilaterally - laterally flex the vertebral column

Bilaterally - extend the vertebral column and head

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39
Q

Longissimus innervation

A

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves

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40
Q

Longissimus function

A

Unilaterally - laterally flex the vertebral column.

Bilaterally - extend the vertebral column and head

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41
Q

Spinalis attachments

A

Common tendinous origin of the erector spinae

Spinous processes of C2, T1-T8 and the occipital bone of the skull

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42
Q

Spinalis innervation

A

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves

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43
Q

Spinalis function

A

Unilaterally - laterally flex the vertebral column.

Bilaterally - extend the vertebral column and head

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44
Q

Semispinalis attachments

A

Transverse processes of C4-T10

Spinous processes of C2-T4, and to the occipital bone of the skull

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45
Q

Semispinalis innervation

A

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves

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46
Q

Semispinalis function

A

Extends and contralaterally rotates the head and vertebral column

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47
Q

Multifidus attachments

A

Sacrum, iliac spine, common tendinous origin of the erector spinae, lumbar vertebrae, T1-T3 and C4-C7

Spinous processes of the vertebrae

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48
Q

Multifidus innervation

A

Posterior rami of the spinal nerves

49
Q

Multifidus function

A

Stablises the vertebral column

50
Q

Subclavius muscle attachments

A

Costal cartilage, sternal end of rib 1

Anteroinferior surface of middle third of clavicle

51
Q

Subclavius muscle innervation

A

Subclavian nerve (C5-6)

52
Q

Subclavius muscle action

A

Sternoclavicular joint - anchor and depress clavicle

53
Q

External Oblique attachments

A

External surfaces of 5th–12th ribs

Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and anterior half of iliac crest

54
Q

External oblique innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7–T11 spinal nerves) and subcostal nerve

55
Q

External oblique action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera and flexes and rotates trunk

56
Q

Internal oblique attachments

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to lateral third of inguinal ligament

Inferior borders of 10th–12th ribs, linea alba, and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon

57
Q

Internal oblique innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T6–T12 spinal nerves) and L1

58
Q

Internal oblique action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscerab and flexes and rotates trunk

59
Q

Transversus abdominis attachments

A

Internal surfaces of 7th–12th costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to lateral third of inguinal ligament

Linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest, and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon

60
Q

Transversus abdominis innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T6–T12 spinal nerves) and L1

61
Q

Transversus abdominis action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera

62
Q

Rectus abdominis attachments

A

Pubic symphysis and pubic crest

Xiphoid process and 5th–7th costal cartilages

63
Q

Rectus abdominis innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T6–T12 spinal nerves)

64
Q

Rectus abdominis action

A

Flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) and compresses abdominal viscera stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis (antilordosis)

65
Q

Quadratus lumborum attachments

A

Medial half of inferior border of 12th ribs and tips of lumbar transverse processes

Iliolumbar ligament and internal lip of iliac crest

66
Q

Quadratus lumborum innervation

A

Anterior branches of T12 and L1–L4 nerves

67
Q

Quadratus lumborum actions

A

Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column; fixes 12th rib during inspiration

68
Q

Posterior thigh muscles

A

Biceps femoris - ischial tuberosity and femoral shaft - head of fibula
Semitendinosus - ischial tuberosity - proximal tibia
Semimembranosus - ischial - proximal tibia

69
Q

Popliteus function

A

Stabilises knee joint and limits lateral rotation of tibio-femoral joint

“Unlocks” the knee joint

70
Q

Popliteus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

71
Q

Popliteus attachments

A

Lateral femoral condyle

Posterior surface of tibia

72
Q

Tibialis Posterior function

A

Plantarflexion, Foot Inversion

Also support of Medial Arch

73
Q

Tibialis Posterior innervation

A

Tibial nerve

74
Q

Tibialis Posterior attachments

A

Posterior interosseous membrane

Navicular Tuberosity
Medial Cuneiform

75
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus functions

A

Flexion of Great Toe

76
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

77
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus attachments

A

Posterior interosseous membrane

Plantar surface of Base of Distal Phalanx of Great Toe

78
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus functions

A

Flexion of Lateral 4 Toes

79
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

80
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus attachments

A

Medial Tibia

Plantar surfaces of Base of Distal Phalanx of Lateral 4 Toes

81
Q

Fibularis Longus function

A

Foot Eversion, Plantarflexion, Support arches of foot

82
Q

Fibularis Longus innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

83
Q

Fibularis Longus attachments

A

Upper lateral surface/Head of fibula

Base of 1st Metatarsal
Medial cuneiform

84
Q

Fibularis Brevis functions

A

Foot Eversion

85
Q

Fibularis Brevis innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

86
Q

Fibularis Brevis attachments

A

Lower 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Base of 5th Metatarsal

87
Q

Pectoralis major function

A

Adduction, medial rotation, and flexion of the humerus at the shoulder joint

88
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

89
Q

Pectoralis major attachments

A

Clavicle, sternum, first 7 costal cartilage, external oblique aponeurosis

Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

90
Q

Pectoralis minor function

A

Depresses tip of shoulder; protracts scapula

91
Q

Pectoralis minor innervation

A

Medial pectoral nerve

92
Q

Pectoralis minor attachments

A

3rd-5th ribs

Coracoid process of the scapula

93
Q

Serratus anterior function

A

Rotates the scapula, allowing the arm to be raised over 90 degrees

94
Q

Serratus anterior innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve

95
Q

Serratus anterior attachments

A

Ribs 3-8

Medial border of the scapula

96
Q

Lumbricals function

A

Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint

Extension of interphalangeal joint

97
Q

Lumbricals innervation

A

The lateral two lumbricals are innervated by the median nerve

The medial two lumbricals are innervated by the ulnar nerve.

98
Q

Lumbricals attachments

A

Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

Extensor expansions

99
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis function

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the 4 fingers, and flexes at the wrist

100
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

Median nerve

101
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis attachments

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus and radius

Middle phalanges

102
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus function

A

Flex the distal IPJs and flexes the MCPJs at the wrist.

103
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

Digits 2-3: Median nerve

Digits 4-5: Ulnar nerve

104
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus attachments

A

Ulna

Distal phalanges

105
Q

Extensor digitorum function

A

Metacarpophalangeal / Interphalangeal joints 2-5: Finger extension

106
Q

Extensor digitorum innervation

A

Posterior interosseous nerve

107
Q

Extensor digitorum attachments

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Extensor expansions

108
Q

Tibialis anterior function

A

Dorsiflexion, foot inversion

109
Q

Tibialis anterior innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

110
Q

Tibialis anterior attachments

A

Interosseous membrane

Medial cuneiform, metatarsal I

111
Q

Extensor digitorum longus function

A

Extension of four digits, dorsiflexion

112
Q

Extensor digitorum longus innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

113
Q

Extensor digitorum longus attachments

A

Fibular, tibia, interosseous membrane

Phalange of 4 toes

114
Q

Extensor hallucis longus function

A

Extension of great toe, dorsiflexion

115
Q

Extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

116
Q

Extensor hallucis longus attachments

A

Fibular, tibia, interosseous membrane

Phalange of great toe

117
Q

Fibularis tertius function

A

Dorsiflexion and eversion

118
Q

Fibularis tertius innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

119
Q

Fibularis tertius attachments

A

Fibula, interosseous membrane

Metatarsal 5

anatomy (8 decks)

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