Thorax Flashcards
What are the 2 heads of Pectoralis Major and their origins?
Clavicular head:
Where is the bifurcation of the trachea located
at the level of the sternal angle (of Louis)
The trachea splits into?
right main bronchus and left main bronchus
What separates the openings to the right main bronchus and left main bronchus
carina
Why are aspirated objects more likely to lodge in the right bronchopulmonary tree?
The right main bronchus is wider and in a more vertical line with the trachea than the left
What are the parts of the bronchial tree
PIC
Intrasegmental vs Inter
At mid inspiration, the inferior borders of the lungs and pleura cross what ribs at the midclavicular line, midaxillary line, and scapular line
PIC
What is cupula in thorax?
pleural cupula is the portion of the parietal pleura which rises into the neck, over the summit of the lung above medial border of clavicle
What are the 2 heads of Pectoralis Major and their origins?
Clavicular head: medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, and aponeurosis of external oblique
Function and innervation of Latissimus Dorsi
Extend, medially rotate and adduct arm
Thoracodorsal Nerve
Trapezius
Elevate, depress, and retract shoulder
Spinal Accessory (Cranial Nerve XI)
When dissecting the axilla for breast cancer, which nerve look out for
Thoracodorsal nerve
If you lose the thoracodorsal nerve, what can’t you do?
Wipe your ass
Function and innervation of rhomboids
Elevate shoulder
Branches of brachial plexus
Levator Scapulae
Elevate shoulder
Branches of brachial plexus
Name the deep muscles of the back
Their function
Innervation
Splenius.capitis and cervicis
Erector spinae (Sacrospinalis) made of:
Spinalis
Longissimus
Ileocostalis
Semispinalis
Extend, bend to either side, and rotate the spinal column but DO NOT FLEX
Dorsal branches of spinal nerves
Dermatome of middle finger
C7
Dermatome of thumb
C6
Dermatome of little finger
C8
Dermatome of nipple
T4
Dermatome of umbilicus
T10
Dermatome of pubic symphisis
L1
What are the superficial veins of the arm?
Cephalic, median cubital, and basilic
Supraspinatous function/innervation
initiate abduction of arm/suprascapular nerve
Infraspinatous
laterally rotate arm/suprascapular nerve
Teres minor
laterally rotate arm/axillary nerve
Subscapularis
medially rotate arm/brachial plexus
Deltoid
abduct arm to 90 degrees, medially and laterally rotate arm, extend and flex arm/axillary nerve
Teres major
medially rotate, adduct, and extend arm/brachial plexus
what muscles make up the rotator cuff
supraspinatous, infraspinatous, teres minor, and subscapularis
What muscles insert on greater tubercle of humerus?
Supraspinatous, Infraspinatous, Teres minor
What muscle inserts on lesser tubercle of humerus?
Subscapularis
What are the functions of the rotator cuff muscles?
abduct, medially and laterally rotate arm and prevent dislocation
A patient presents with a winged scapula and can not abduct arm over 90 degrees
patient has damage to the long thoracic nerve and therefore the serratus anterior is paralyzed
Serratus anterior function
protract scapula and abduct (raise) arm from horizontal for vertical
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