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Anatomy HK*3401 > Thorax 1-3 > Flashcards

Thorax 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Contained in the bony cage

A

vertebrae (T1-T12)
Intervertebral discs
Ribs
Costal cartilage
Sternum

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2
Q

Contained in intercostal spaces

A

intercostal muscles
intercostal veins/arteries/nerves

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3
Q

Parts of the sternum

A

Manubrium
*Sternal angle
body of sternum (T5-T9)
Xiphoid process

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4
Q

Superior thoracic aperture

A

Access to head/neck; upper limbs
bounded by: 1 thoracic vertebra, 1 pair of ribs, manubrium

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5
Q

Inferior thoracic aperture

A

Access to abdomen
Bounded by: T12, ribs 11 and 12, costal margin, xiphosternal joint, diaphragm

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6
Q

Name the mediastinums (What do they contain)

A

Superior
Inferior (Anterior, middle, posterior)

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7
Q

Structures at the sternal angle (between superior and inferior mediastinum)

A

Great vessels of the heart
- SVC
-Aorta
Pulmonary trunk

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8
Q

Structures that make up the SVC

A

internal jugular and subclavian veins –>
right and left brachiocephalic veins –>
SVC

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9
Q

SVC receives blood from ….

A

Head/neck/upper limbs

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10
Q

Parts of the aorta

A

Ascending aorta
arch of aorta
Descending aorta

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11
Q

Structures branching from aorta

A

Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery

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12
Q

What structure branch from the brachiocephalic trunk

A

right subclavian artery
right common carotid artery

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13
Q

Location of trachea bifurcation

A

sternal angle

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14
Q

Structures in the middle (inferior) mediastinum

A

Heart
Pericardium
Roots of great vessels

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15
Q

Chambers of the heart

A

Right/left atrium (receiving chambers)

Right/left ventricles (Discharging chambers)

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16
Q

Function of pericardium
name the 2 layers

A

Covers heart and roots of great vessels

fibrous pericardium
serous pericardium (Parietal and visceral)

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17
Q

Fibrous pericardium location

A

outermost layer covering heart

18
Q

Location of serous pericardium (parietal and visceral layer)

A

parietal - second most outer layer around heart
Visceral - third layer, most internal layer

19
Q

Structure in the middle (inferior) mediastinum

A

SVC
Ascending aorta
pulmonary trunk

20
Q

Structures involved with pulmonary system

A

pulm veins
pulm arteries

21
Q

Location of AV groove

A

Between the atria and ventricles

22
Q

Location of interventricular groove

A

between right and left ventricle

23
Q

Structure in the AV and IV grooves

A

coronary vessels (arteries and veins)
embedded in fat
covered in visceral pericardium

24
Q

What are the auricles of the heart

A

right and left auricles - “extension” of the atria

25
Q

Structures under the auricles

A

coronary arteries from ascending aorta

26
Q

name arteries originating from ascending aorta

A

Right coronary artery
Left coronary artery

27
Q

Structures arising from left coronary artery

A

Circumflex artery
Anterior interventricular artery

28
Q

What structures travel in the IV groove

A

Anterior interventricular artery
Posterior interventricular artery

29
Q

Structures arising from right coronary artery

A

Sinoatrial nodal artery
Marginal artery

30
Q

Structure in the AV groove

A

Sinoatrial nodal artery
Right coronary artery

31
Q

Name the coronary veins

A

Anterior cardiac veins
coronary sinus

32
Q

location of coronary sinus

A

In AV groove on posterior heart

33
Q

Location of Anterior cardiac veins

A

arise from right auricle
jump over AV groove

34
Q

Types of heart valves

A

atrioventricular
aortic and pulmonary

35
Q

features of the AV valve

A

Right AV valve: tricuspid
left AV valve: bicuspid (mitral)

36
Q

structure in AV valves

A

Cusps
Tendinous cords
papillary muscles

37
Q

features of aortic and pulmonary valves

A

Semilunar

in pulmonary aorta and trunk

prevents blood flowing back into ventricles

38
Q

Features/structures of right atrium

A

Interatrial septum - wall between atria

Opening of IVC and SVC

Fossa ovalis - indent in heart, fetal blood travels through placenta

Opening of coronary sinus

right atrioventricular orfice - between atria and ventricle

smooth muscle

39
Q

valves in right ventricle

A

Right AV (tricuspid) valve
pulmonary (semilunar) valve

40
Q

Features of left atrium

A

smooth and rough walled
left auricle
pulmonary veins
left atrioventrucular orifice

41
Q

Valves of left ventricle

A

Left AV valve (bicuspid/mitral)
Aortic valve

Anatomy HK*3401 (7 decks)

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