Thoracic Wall Flashcards
4 parts of the sternum
manubrium, body, xiphoid process, sternal angle
which rib articulates at the sternal angle?
2nd rib
what is another name for the superior thoracic aperture?
thoracic outlet
what covers the inferior thoracic aperture?
diaphragm
3 main parts of a thoracic vertebrae
body, arch, processes
what is on the vertebral arch?
pedicles and lamina provide protection for spinal cord
where are the two costal facets on thoracic vertebra?
a pair is on the body and one is on the transverse process
the costal facet on the transverse process binds what part of the rib?
the tubercule
the costal facet on the body of the vertebra binds what part of the rib?
head of the rib
what part of the rib has the costal groove?
the shaft of the rib
what lies in the costal groove?
VAN…vein artery nerve
how many vertebra does a rib articulate with?
2…the one it is numbered as and the one above
name the three joints of ribs
costochondral
sternocostal
costovertebral
what structure of the heart lies under the 3rd intercostal space?
left auricle
what structure of the heart lies under the 4th/5th intercostal space on left?
left ventricle
what structure of the heart lies under the right 4th intercostal space?
right atrium
what lies under the right side 2nd and 3rd intercostal spaces
superior vena cava
what vessel crosses under the manubrium of the sternum?
left brachiocephalic
what space is the aorta in?
midline…2nd and 3rd ribs
what structure is in the 5th intercostal space, and crosses the midline?
right ventricle
what is pectus excavatum?
when sternum is too low and can cause trouble breathing…can have surgery
what nerves innervate the pectoralis major?
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
where does the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor insert respectively?
major is on humerus
minor is on coracoid process of scapula
what nerve innervates the pectoralis minor?
medial pectoral nerve
what nerve innervates the serratus anterior?
long thoracic nerve
what can you give someone if they have bone cancer in ribs or have broken rib to relieve pain?
local anasthesia to the nerves in the rib shaft canal
what is between the innermost intercostal muscles and the interior interccostals?
neurovascular plane!
one innermost intercostal to know name of
transversus thoracis which is on the sternum and ribs
what two vessels provide the arteries for the thoracis wall? and which is anterior and which is posterior?
aorta-posterior internal thoracic (mammary) artery-anterior
what two vessels does the interior thoracic artery split into?
superior epigastric and musculosphrenic
what can the internal thoracic artery be used for?
coronary artery bypass graft
where does venous blood from thoracic wall drain?
into the azygos veins which are located posteriorly but anterior to body of spinal column
where does mediastinum extend?
from the superior thoracic apertrure to the diaphragm
what is in the anterior inferior mediastinum?
thymus! or fat
what is in the middle inferior mediastinum?
heart, pericardium, great vessels
what is in the posterior inferior mediastinum?
esophagus, descending aorta, azygos veins, thoracic duct, autonomic nerves
where is the transthoracic plane and what does it divide?
it is from the sternal angle to the T4/T5 vertebra…it divides the mediastinum into superior and inferior parts
