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Cardio Anatomy > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

what does the fibrous pericardium attach to?

A

sternum and the central tendon of the diaphragm

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2
Q

what is the outermost layer of the pericardium?

A

fibrous pericardium

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3
Q

on the flip side of the fibrous pericardium lies the what?

A

parietal layer

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4
Q

what layer of tissue adheres directly to the heart itself?

A

visceral layer or epicardium

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5
Q

what is the space called that is between the parietal and visceral layers?

A

the pericardial cavity

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6
Q

what are the two sulci of the heart?

A

interventricular and coronary

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7
Q

what makes up the anterior surface of the heart?

A

right ventricle

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8
Q

what makes up the left border of the heart?

A

left atrium and ventricle

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9
Q

what makes up the right border of the heart?

A

right atrium

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10
Q

what makes up the posterior surface of the heart?

A

left atrium

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11
Q

3 main branches of the right coronary artery

A
  1. branch to SA node
  2. marginal branch (down right ventricle)
  3. posterior descending/interventricular artery (PDA)
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12
Q

3 main branches of the left coronary artery

A
  1. left anterior descending artery (LAD) intervent
  2. circumflex branch
  3. marginal branch
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13
Q

what do the right coronary arteries do that the left dont?

A

the right help out the left by providing some blood to left side while the left do not help out the right

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14
Q

what is the rule of dominance in coronary arteries?

A

85% of people have the PDA arising from the right coronary
8% of people have the PDA arising from the left circumflex
7% of people have a combo of the two

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15
Q

what are the three main cardiac veins? which of these feeds into the ____ structure of the heart?

A

small cardiac vein, great cardiac vein and middle cardiac vein…all feed into the coronary sinus that leaks into the right atrium

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16
Q

what are the muscles of the atria?

A

pectinate muscles…mainly in outer wall

17
Q

what is the name of the top of the right ventricle

A

supraventricular crest

18
Q

two bands that run from the supraventricular crest to the trabeculae carnae

A

septal limb and the moderator band

19
Q

together the septal limb and the moderator band are called the what?

A

septomarginal trabecula

20
Q

name the right AV valve

A

tricuspid valve

21
Q

what are the muscles that help close the right AV valve

A

papillary muscles

22
Q

what are the papillary muscles attached to at the base and at the insertion point?

A

at the base they are attached to the trabecula carnae and at insertion to the chordae tendineae

23
Q

name the three papillary muscles of the tricuspid valve

A

anterior, posterior and septal

24
Q

how many cusps does the pulmonary semilunar valve have?

A

three

25
Q

the left atrium lies between what vessels?

A

the left and right pulmonary veins

26
Q

what is the valve between the left atrium and ventricle and how many cusps does it have?

A

mitral bicuspid…2 cusps

27
Q

how many cusps does the aorta semilunar valve have?

A

three

28
Q

define the cardiac skeleton

A

the four valves of the heart actually all sit in the same transverse plane of the body…and have a skeleton that sorta holds them in place

29
Q

name four roles of the cardiac skeleton

A

maintain integrity of valves
provide attachments for cusps
separates atrium and ventricle muscle
electrical isolation between atrium and ventricle

30
Q

what do the visceral sensory nerves parallelling the sympathetic visceral motor fibers convey back to the SC?

A

pain of the heart

31
Q

what do the visceral sensory fibers parallelling the parasympathetic visceral motor fibers relay to the cranium?

A

reflexes of the heart

32
Q

why do we have referred pain in the heart?

A

the somatic sensory fibers of the dermatomes around the heart also go back to the SC in the same location that the visceral sensory nerves from the heart go to…so we can get confused which is really hurting

33
Q

cardiac plexus definition and location

A

located at the bifurcation of the trachea lies the cardiac plexus that is the collection of the nerves that are innervating the heart from the ANS

34
Q

what nerves are in the cardiac plexus?

A

right and left vagus nerve branches (para)

cervical and thoracic sympathetic nerves

Cardio Anatomy (5 decks)

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