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Anatomy 701 > Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the caval opening?

A

T8

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2
Q

Where is the esophageal hiatus?

A

T10

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3
Q

Where is the aortic hiatus?

A

T12

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4
Q

What is the orientation of the transverse process?

A

Coronal to sagittal planes from superior to inferior

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5
Q

What are the special thoracic vertebrae?

A

T1 - one full facet for 1st rib
T9~T12 - no superior demifacet fot T10
T11/T12 - no articular facets on the transverse process

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6
Q

Which ribs dont have demifacets?

A

I, X, XI, XII

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7
Q

Which ribs have one articular facet in the head?

A

Rib I, X, XI, and XII

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8
Q

Which ribs have no tubercle in the neck?

A

Rib Xi and XII

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9
Q

Which rib had a broadened upper surface and impressions?

A

Rib I

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10
Q

Where is the sternal angle?

A

2nd rib

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11
Q

Where is the xiphosternal joint?

A

7th rib

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12
Q

What are the parts of the sternum?

A

Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid process

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13
Q

How is the intervertebral foramen formed and which structure course through this foramen?

A

formed by pedicles, spinal nerves go through

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14
Q

What is the costovertebal joint?

A

Head of ribs and demifacets of vertebral body

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15
Q

What are costotransverse joints?

A

Rib neck and facet on the transverse process

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16
Q

What is the superior costotransverse ligament?

A

Superior transverse process to inferior rib neck

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17
Q

What is the lateral/costotansverse ligament connecting

A

same level trransverse process and rib neck

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18
Q

What are the true ribs?

A

rib I, Rib II, Rib III~VI, Rib VII

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19
Q

What are the false ribs?

A

Ribs VIII~X, Rib XI and XII

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20
Q

How many intercostal spaces are there?

A

11

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21
Q

What is the motion of the upper ribs?s

A

Pump handle

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22
Q

What is the motion of the lower ribs?

A

Bucket handle

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23
Q

Which ribs have no articulation anteriorly?

A

Ribs XI and XII

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24
Q

Which rib articulates with the sternal angle anteriorly?

A

rib II

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25
Q

C1 only has ______ so it has no dermatome

A

Somatic motor

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26
Q

What are the visceral organs?

A

Lungs, heart, and others

27
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the thorax?

A

Vagus nerve, CN X

28
Q

Where is the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A

L around aortic arch around ligamentum arteriosum

29
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the thorax?

A

T1-T4 level

30
Q

What is the blood supply for the superior Intrinsic thoracic wall?

A

Supreme intercostal artery, branch from costocervical trunk

31
Q

What is the blood supply for the intrinsic posterior thoracic wall?

A

Posterior intercostal artery, branches from aorta

32
Q

What is the blood supply for the anterior intrinsic thoracic wall?

A

Internal thoracic artery, branch from subclavian artery

33
Q

Where is the subclavian artery?

A

Midpoint of clavicle/lateral border of 1st rib

34
Q

Where is the axillary artery?

A

Inferior border of teres minor

35
Q

What are the extrinsic thoracic wall muscles?

A

Mnemonics: Screw The Lawyer, Save A Patient

Part 1: Superior thoracic artery
Part 2 (deep to pec minor):
Thoracoacromial artery/trunk
Lateral/long thoracic artery
Part 3: Subscapular artery
Anterior circumflex humeral artery
Posterior circumflex humeral artery

36
Q

Blood drainage of the internal thoracic vein and superior intercostal vein?

A

to brachiocephalic vein

37
Q

Where does the right thorax drain?

A

Intercostal veins to azygos vein then to SVC

38
Q

Where does the left thoracic wall drian?

A

Intercostal veins to accessory hemiazygos and hemiazygos veins, then to azygos vein

39
Q

Which of the following combination of motions of different ribs is correct?

a. Rib II, mainly pump handle; Rib VII, mainly bucket handle.
b. Rib II, mainly bucket handle; Rib VII, mainly pump handle.
c. Rib V, mainly pump handle; Rib XI, mainly bucket handle.
d. Rib V, mainly bucket handle; Rib XI, mainly pump handle.

A

a. Rib II, mainly pump handle; Rib VII, mainly bucket handle.

40
Q

Pectoralis major origin

A

Medial ½ clavicle, sternum and costal heads (VI/VII rib costal cartilage)

41
Q

Pectoralis major insertion

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular crest/bicipital groove of humerus: inversion attachment

42
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

Lateral pectoral nerve (C5~T1), medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1); pectoral branch of thoracoacromial trunk

43
Q

function of pectoralis major

A

GH joint: FLX vs. EXT, and IR/ADD

44
Q

Pec minor origin and insertion

A

Rib III~V
Coracoid process of scapula

45
Q

What is the innervation of the medial pectoral nerve

A

Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

46
Q

What is the pectoralis minor actions?

A

Scapulothoracic articulation: depression, anterior tilt of scapula

47
Q

Subclavius origin and insertion

A

Costal cartilage of rib I
Under surface of distal clavicle

48
Q

Innervation of subclavius

A

Nerve to subclavius (C5,C6)

49
Q

What is the action of the subclavius?

A

Scapulothoracic articulation: depression of clavicle

50
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

Ribs 1~9
Anterior medial border of scapula

51
Q

What is the action of the serratus anterior?

A

Scapular protraction; hold scapula to the thorax; upward rotation of scapula; elevation of rib

52
Q

What are the three intercostal muscles?

A

External intercostal muscles, internal intercostal muscles, and innermost intercostal muscles

53
Q

what is the direction of the external intercostal muscle?

A

Oblique posterosuperior

54
Q

what is the direction of the internal intercostal muscle?

A

Oblique anterosuperior

55
Q

what is the direction of the innermost intercostal muscle?

A

oblique anterosuperior

56
Q

What is the major bundle of the intercostal space?

A

VAN
Vein, artery, ventral rami of thoracic spinal nerve

57
Q

muscular/collateral bundle?

A

superior border of inferior rib, muscular branch, NAV

58
Q

Where do the major bundle and the muscular/collateral bundle run?

A

Between internal and innermost intercostals

59
Q

Which nerve provide parasympathetic innervation for lungs and heart?

A

Vagus nerve, CN X

60
Q

Which dome of the diaphragm is higher?

A

Right dome is higher than left done

61
Q

What innervates the diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve (C3~C5)

62
Q

What muscles are a part of inspiration?

A

Primary: external intercostal, membranous internal intercostal, serratus posterior superior

63
Q

Which muscles are a part of expiration?

A

Primary: other internal intercostal, innermost intercostals, serratus posterior inferior

64
Q

Where does the intercostal neurovascular bundle locate and what is the order of structures from superior to inferior for the major and collateral bundles?

A

Between the internal and innermost intercostals

Major - VAN

muscular - NAV

Anatomy 701 (8 decks)

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