Thoracic Surface Anatomy Flashcards
Cricoid Cartilage
C6
Angle of Louis
T4/5
Apex of pleura
2.5cm above medial third clavicle
Posterior border pleura
8th rib mid-clavicular
10th rib mid-axillary
12th posterior
Oblique fissure
2.5cm lateral to 5th thoracic spinous process to the 6th costal cartilage anteriorly
Transverse fissure
Right
4th costal cartilage to intersection with oblique fissure
Aortic Valve
Left border sternum
3rd ICS
Pulmonary valve
left border sternum
3rd costal cartilage
Tricuspid valve
mindline sternum
4th costal cartilage
Mitral valve
left border of sternum
4th costal cartilage
Auscultation valves
A: right sternal border, 2nd costal cartilage
P: left sternal border, 2nd costal cartilage
T: left sternal border, 5th costal cartilage
M: left mid clavicular, 5th costal cartilage
Diaphragm opening
T8: IVC, right phrenic
T10: oesophagus, vagus, left gastric vessels
T12: aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein
Angle of Louis
Beginning and end of aortic arch
Formation SVC
Bifurcation trachea
Bifurcation pulmonary trunk
Thoracic duct into left brachiocephalic vein
True ribs
1 - 7 (sternum)
7 - 9 (superior costal cartilage)
11 and 12 no anterior articulation
1st rib unique features
short, flat, increased curvature
single articulation facet
prominent tubercle where serratus anterior inserts - subclavian vein anterior, subclavian artery and lowest trunk brachial plexus runs posteriorly
Layers inserting chest drain
Skin
Superficial fascia
External intercostal muscle
Internal intercostal muscle
Innermost intercostal muscle
Parietal pleura
Pec major
Origin: medial 1/2 clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage
Insert: intertubercular groove lateral
Action: adduct, flex, medial rotation
Innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Pen Minor
3rd - 5th ribs to coracoid process
invested in clavipectoral fascia
Subclavius
1st rib - clavicle
Intercostal neurovascular bundles
Inferior to rib
VAN
Between internal intercostal and innermost intercostal
