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Upper Body Anatomy > Thoracic Spine > Flashcards

Thoracic Spine Flashcards

1
Q

How many vertebraes are in the thoracic spine?

A

12

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2
Q

What is the thoracic kyphosis angle in thoracic spine?

A

20-40 degrees

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3
Q

How many attaching ribs are there to the thoracic spine?

A

12

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4
Q

How many spinal nerves are there in thoracic spine?

A

12

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5
Q

How many intervertebral discs are there in thoracic spine?

A

12

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6
Q

What are the 4 features of a typical thoracic spine vertebrae?

A
  1. Heart shaped vertebral body
  2. Demi facets
  3. Costal facets
  4. Long and inferiorly angles spinous process
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7
Q

What vertebrae are typical in thoracic spine?

A

T2-T9

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8
Q

What are the features of T1?

A
  1. Single pair of complete facets superiority to first rib
  2. Single pair of Demi- facets inferior to 2nd rib
  3. Long horizontal spinal process
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9
Q

What are the features of T9 ?

A

No inferior Demi facets

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10
Q

What are the features of T10?

A

One pair of complete facets on vertebral body

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11
Q

What are the key features of T11 and T12?

A
  1. One pair of complete facets rib 11&12
  2. No costal facet on transverse process - floating ribs
  3. Facet articular surface orienated more in Sagittal plane
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12
Q

Who said there was an increase vertebrae height except T4 & 5

A

Fletcher et Al 2005

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13
Q

Explain this thoracic discs?

A
  1. Discs increase in size as greater compressive load
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14
Q

Palpation tips for thoracic spine

A
  1. T2 superior angle of scapula
  2. T3 spine of scapula
  3. T7 inferior angle of scapular
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15
Q

What are the rule of thoracic spine?

A

Geelhoed rule 2006

Transfer process in line with spinous process of one above

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16
Q

What are the degree of movements In thoracic spine?

A

Rotation- 40
Lateral flexion - 10-12
Extension - 11-17
Flexion- 12-28

17
Q

What are the coupled movements of thoracic spine?

A
  1. Rotation and lateral flexion
18
Q

What by are the joints of the thoracic spine?

A

Zygapophyseal

Costotransvers T1-T10

19
Q

What is the features of zygapophyseal joint?

A
  1. Small motion is available in all planes
  2. Ribs block excessive lateral flexion
  3. Medial inclination of joints and ribs affect movements of spine
20
Q

What is the costovertebral joint?

A
  1. Synovial plane joint
  2. Supplied by thoracic dorsal rami C8-T11
  3. Rib 2-9 articulation between head of rib and superior costal facet of the corresponding vertebrae and inferior costal facet of vertebrae above
21
Q

What are the ligaments in thoracic spine?

A
  1. Anterior longitudinal
  2. Posterior longitudinal
  3. Ligamentum flavum
  4. Interspinous
  5. Superspinous
22
Q

What are the costal joint ligaments?

A
  1. Radiate ligament of head of the rib and then body of vertebrae
  2. Intra articular ligament of head of rib and IVD
23
Q

What are the movements of the costoverebral joints

A

Gliding and rotation

- small movements of the costovertebral facet leads to big movements of the distal anterior stern end of rib

24
Q

Explain the Costotransverse joints

A
  1. Synovial plane joint
  2. Supplied by posterior rami of C8-T11
  3. Articulation between the dorsal surface of the neck of the rib and the anterior surface of the transverse process of the vertebrae
25
Q

What are the costotransverse Ligemnts

A
  1. Lateral- tubercle of rib, tip of TP
  2. Superior- neck of rib, TP above
  3. Out of view- posterior neck of rib, Anterior TP
26
Q

What are the movements of the costotransverse joint

A
  1. Ribs 2-6 permit rotation only

2. Ribs 7-10 permit gliding and some rotation

27
Q

What are true ribs?

A

Rib 1-7

Direct articulation to sternum

28
Q

What are false ribs?

A

Rib 8-10

Indirect attachment to sternum through cartilage of adjacent rib above

29
Q

What are floating ribs?

A

Rib 11 and 12

No direct or indirect to sternum

30
Q

What are typical ribs?

A

Rib 3-9

Feature a hear, neck, tubercle and body

31
Q

What are Atypical ribs?

A

1,2,10,12

32
Q

What is the feature of rib 1?

A 
Shortest 
Broadest 
Single facet 
Grooves 
A ridge
33
Q

What are the features of rib 2?

A

Rough upper surface

Tuberosity

34
Q

What are the features of rib 10?

A

Single facet

35
Q

What are the features of rib 11 and 12?

A

Single facet
Short
No neck
No tubercle

Upper Body Anatomy (6 decks)

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