Thoracic - muscles,ligaments, ducts, tissues Flashcards
Where is the pleural sac?
Surrounds the lungs
What are the two layers of the pleural sac?
the parietal layer (superficial) and
visceral layer (deep)
What is in between the two layers of the pleural sac?
Serous Fluid to lubricate the movement of the lungs
What innervates the parietal pleura?
Phrenic Nerve and Intercostal Nerves
Where does the transition of the parietal and visceral layer of the pleural sac occur?
At the hilum of the lung
Where is the pericardial sac?
Surrounding the heart
Where does the transition between the parietal and visceral layer of the pericardial sac occur?
Transition between parietal and visceral layer occurs at the base of the great vessels and where the SVC, IVC, and pulmonary veins enter heart.
How many layers are there in the pericardial sac?
3
What are the layers of the pericardial sac?
fibrous pericardium (outer), parietal pericardium (outer-fused to fibrous layer), visceral layer (deep)
The fibrous and outer layer of the pericardial sac is innervated by?
Phrenic Nerve
What is the Ligamentum arteriosum? Where is it?
Remnant of embryonic ductus arteriosus.
Adheres to apex of pulmonary trunk and aortic arch.
Diaphragm Function
Depresses to enable inspiration (inhaling air)
At what level does the Inferior Vena Cava pass through the diaphragm?
~T8
At what level does the Esophagus pass through the diaphragm?
~T10
At what level does the Aorta pass through the diaphragm?
~T12
What is a mnemonic to help remember where the IVC, Esophagus, and Aorta pass through the diaphragm?
I8 10Eggs At12
Function and Innervation of External Intercostal Muscles?
Fxn: Elevates ribs to aid forced inspiration
Innervation: Intercostal Nerves
Function and Innervation of Internal Intercostal Muscles?
Fxn: Depresses ribs to aid forced expiration
Innervation: Intercostal Nerves
Function of the Thoracic Duct?
Drains all lymphatic fluid below the diaphragm, left side of the thorax, left upper limb, left head/neck.
Where does the Thoracic Duct arise from?
Lymphatic ducts below diaphragm, left upper limb, neck, head
What does the Thoracic Duct drain into?
Left venous angle (junction of subclavian and internal jugular vein)
